Which metro area has the lowest labor force participation?

Wildwood-The Villages, FL ranks #1 with 22.6% (2020 American Community Survey).

What are the top 5 metro areas by labor force participation?

Wildwood-The Villages, FL, Susanville, CA, Cañon City, CO, Middlesborough, KY, Homosassa Springs, FL.

How many metro areas are in this ranking?

918 metro areas qualify after filtering for population minimums and data availability. The ranking covers 2020 ACS 5-year data.

How is labor force participation measured?

Share of residents 16+ in the labor force. Source: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates (2020).

RANKING · 2020 CENSUS · 418 SHOWN OF 918

Lowest labor force participation, US metro areas · 2020

US metro areas with the smallest share of adults 16+ in the civilian labor force (2023 ACS).

Flip the list · Highest labor force participation, US metro areas →

All statesAll rankings

SAME RANKING BYCities Counties States ZIP codes

YEAR2020 2024

RANKPLACESTATEPOPLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONVS 2000

501Mount Pleasant, MIMI64,69161.1%–

502Sanford, NCNC70,25861.1%–

503Spokane, WAWA608,01261.1%–

504Chattanooga, TNTN594,53061.1%–

505Traverse City, MIMI156,97261.1%–

506College Station, TXTX287,47661.2%–

507Urbana, OHOH38,82061.2%–

508Jefferson City, MOMO152,71261.2%–

509Modesto, CACA557,71961.2%–

510Kankakee, ILIL105,52561.2%–

511Niles, MIMI152,44461.2%–

512Spartanburg, SCSC407,65661.3%–

513Bellefontaine, OHOH46,30261.3%–

514Springfield, MOMO500,69461.3%–

515Peoria, ILIL363,50561.3%–

516Tyler, TXTX252,54961.4%–

517Gulfport, MSMS431,32961.4%–

518Frankfort, KYKY77,87461.4%–

519Lake of the Woods, VAVA40,08361.4%–

520Salinas, CACA433,72961.4%–

521Selinsgrove, PAPA39,65561.5%–

522Salisbury, MDMD131,87261.5%–

523Flagstaff, AZAZ144,36861.5%–

524Sedalia, MOMO44,25461.5%–

525Bend, OROR266,37661.5%–

526Ottumwa, IAIA35,21061.6%–

527Abilene, TXTX185,42961.6%–

528Cape Girardeau, MOMO99,21561.6%–

529Salem, OROR445,81461.6%–

530Dover, DEDE194,78661.6%–

531Mount Vernon, OHOH64,00261.6%–

532Blytheville, ARAR37,82861.6%–

533Vincennes, ININ35,65261.6%–

534Burlington, NCNC186,17761.6%–

535Rutland, VTVT59,65361.6%–

536Sulphur Springs, TXTX39,06361.6%–

537Sevierville, TNTN101,34261.6%–

538Pittsfield, MAMA128,22461.7%–

539Othello, WAWA21,48861.7%–

540Joplin, MOMO208,79661.7%–

541Canton, OHOH400,24661.7%–

542Ellensburg, WAWA48,80361.7%–

543Logansport, ININ37,83661.7%–

544Plymouth, ININ46,59961.7%–

545Lima, OHOH100,88161.8%–

546Hattiesburg, MSMS158,01461.8%–

547Victoria, TXTX99,86461.8%–

548Grand Junction, COCO162,84561.9%–

549Bremerton, WAWA283,37461.9%–

550Woodward, OKOK19,82761.9%–

551Rice Lake, WIWI46,48461.9%–

552Syracuse, NYNY652,27361.9%–

553Lafayette, LALA423,75861.9%–

554Augusta, MEME129,06761.9%–

555Athens, GAGA224,14862.0%–

556Lebanon, NHNH224,50062.0%–

557Sacramento, CACA2,477,27462.0%–

558Slidell, LALA279,10862.0%–

559Bloomington, ININ165,23162.0%–

560Fremont, OHOH58,65562.0%–

561Stephenville, TXTX43,91162.0%–

562Tallahassee, FLFL397,44262.0%–

563Tiffin, OHOH54,52262.0%–

564Duluth, MNMN281,21962.0%–

565Jonesboro, ARAR139,44062.0%–

566Washington, ININ34,20962.1%–

567Wichita Falls, TXTX149,44862.1%–

568Yakima, WAWA259,18562.1%–

569Carlsbad, NMNM62,50962.1%–

570Harrisonburg, VAVA140,15562.1%–

571Sturgis, MIMI60,96862.1%–

572Petoskey, MIMI33,77562.1%–

573Dalton, GAGA147,81962.1%–

574Chambersburg, PAPA160,65262.1%–

575New Philadelphia, OHOH92,37362.2%–

576Lawton, OKOK127,59062.2%–

577New Orleans, LALA970,84962.2%–

578Holland, MIMI123,18862.2%–

579El Paso, TXTX881,29162.2%–

580Champaign, ILIL239,97962.2%–

581Atlantic City, NJNJ372,04762.2%–

582Sherman, TXTX153,61362.2%–

583Buffalo, NYNY1,155,65362.2%–

584Greenville, SCSC1,014,10162.3%–

585Burlington, IAIA44,06162.3%–

586Greensboro, NCNC805,94562.3%–

587Charlottesville, VAVA228,59762.3%–

588Ashland, OHOH52,52362.4%–

589Bellingham, WAWA236,39262.4%–

590Ottawa, ILIL145,90262.4%–

591Dayton, OHOH826,55462.5%–

592Wilmington, OHOH42,30162.5%–

593Shelbyville, TNTN55,27362.5%–

594Detroit, MIMI4,390,91362.5%–

595Enid, OKOK61,77962.5%–

596Cedar City, UTUT67,14162.5%–

597Wenatchee, WAWA128,41462.5%–

598Little Rock, ARAR777,60762.5%–

599Norwalk, OHOH58,25062.5%–

600Winchester, VAVA152,33262.6%–

601Elizabethtown, KYKY128,66662.6%–

602Lacey, WAWA304,26162.6%–

603Springfield, ILIL206,03362.6%–

604Lafayette, ININ228,46862.6%–

605Sheridan, WYWY33,24162.7%–

606Moses Lake, WAWA105,72762.8%–

607Hagerstown, MDMD315,28062.8%–

608Charleston, ILIL46,60762.8%–

609Wooster, OHOH116,75862.8%–

610Burley, IDID49,30862.8%–

611Kalispell, MTMT115,42962.8%–

612Great Falls, MTMT85,02962.8%–

613Crestview, FLFL315,09862.8%–

614Port Lavaca, TXTX19,59962.8%–

615Blackfoot, IDID51,15362.8%–

616Pittsburgh, PAPA2,421,99262.9%–

617Mountain Home, IDID29,46562.9%–

618Clovis, NMNM65,27062.9%–

619Vineyard Haven, MAMA21,21962.9%–

620Fergus Falls, MNMN61,04163.0%–

621Rochester, NYNY1,056,14963.0%–

622Miami, FLFL6,391,07263.0%–

623Decatur, ININ36,65063.0%–

624South Bend, ININ324,53863.0%–

625Greenville, OHOH51,52063.0%–

626Fort Morgan, COCO30,30663.1%–

627Gettysburg, PAPA107,59463.1%–

628Cleveland, OHOH2,165,77563.1%–

629Baton Rouge, LALA888,69963.1%–

630Huntsville, ALAL556,44463.1%–

631Amherst, MAMA164,06563.1%–

632Davenport, IAIA380,45263.2%–

633Greenville, NCNC182,93663.2%–

634Albert Lea, MNMN30,44063.2%–

635Cortland, NYNY45,85063.2%–

636Kennewick, WAWA324,33463.3%–

637Seymour, ININ47,37063.3%–

638Altus, OKOK24,76463.3%–

639Kiryas Joel, NYNY718,37763.3%–

640Sterling, COCO20,65463.4%–

641Phoenix, AZAZ5,228,93863.4%–

642Vallejo, CACA455,37663.4%–

643Kingsland, GAGA60,14363.4%–

644Topeka, KSKS233,05263.4%–

645Killeen, TXTX511,49763.4%–

646Gainesville, GAGA226,56863.5%–

647Moscow, IDID41,84263.5%–

648Lebanon, PAPA146,38063.5%–

649Pittsburg, KSKS39,00863.5%–

650Huntington, ININ37,22463.5%–

651Bemidji, MNMN47,05563.5%–

652Jefferson, GAGA99,26563.6%–

653Atchison, KSKS16,17263.6%–

654Brattleboro, VTVT45,20463.6%–

655Wisconsin Rapids, WIWI74,06063.7%–

656Santa Maria, CACA442,06563.7%–

657Brigham City, UTUT70,40563.7%–

658Detroit Lakes, MNMN35,49763.7%–

659Scottsbluff, NENE36,27263.7%–

660Platteville, WIWI52,44663.7%–

661Memphis, TNTN1,341,41263.7%–

662Racine, WIWI198,91963.7%–

663Watertown, NYNY111,54063.7%–

664Durango, COCO56,89863.7%–

665Manitowoc, WIWI81,71063.7%–

666Laconia, NHNH65,14763.7%–

667Spearfish, SDSD29,45963.7%–

668Jacksonville, FLFL1,785,50063.7%–

669Fayetteville, NCNC395,41263.7%–

670Evansville, ININ273,78663.8%–

671Trenton, NJNJ399,28963.8%–

672Amarillo, TXTX276,23563.9%–

673Gainesville, TXTX44,46163.9%–

674Las Vegas, NVNV2,407,22663.9%–

675Quincy, ILIL74,14663.9%–

676Tulsa, OKOK1,069,27363.9%–

677Rockford, ILIL337,24263.9%–

678Sparta, WIWI46,57264.0%–

679Keene, NHNH78,26964.0%–

680Fairmont, MNMN19,44064.0%–

681Columbus, ININ85,72964.0%–

682Vernon, TXTX12,48164.0%–

683Austin, MNMN40,97164.0%–

684Lubbock, TXTX368,43164.1%–

685Angola, ININ34,79964.1%–

686Bowling Green, KYKY197,18064.1%–

687Allentown, PAPA887,61564.1%–

688Lansing, MIMI479,72264.1%–

689San Antonio, TXTX2,813,14064.2%–

690Greenfield, MAMA70,69864.2%–

691Columbia, SCSC879,91864.2%–

692Toledo, OHOH599,37664.2%–

693Ann Arbor, MIMI370,21464.2%–

694Frankfort, ININ33,32264.2%–

695Bloomington, ILIL171,41964.3%–

696Crawfordsville, ININ38,95464.3%–

697Kendallville, ININ47,93764.3%–

698Durham, NCNC625,48564.3%–

699Batavia, NYNY58,41664.3%–

700Santa Cruz, CACA258,85264.3%–

701Rochelle, ILIL51,39964.3%–

702Marshalltown, IAIA39,89064.3%–

703Great Bend, KSKS24,79064.5%–

704Van Wert, OHOH29,01364.5%–

705Jamestown, NDND21,41464.5%–

706Kill Devil Hills, NCNC38,24564.6%–

707Orlando, FLFL2,957,67264.6%–

708Clarksville, TNTN349,00164.6%–

709Weatherford, OKOK39,05964.6%–

710Fayetteville, ARAR622,17764.7%–

711New York, NYNY20,112,44864.7%–

712Key West, FLFL80,40664.7%–

713Akron, OHOH701,78064.8%–

714Oxnard, CACA830,85164.8%–

715Charleston, SCSC889,26364.9%–

716Warrensburg, MOMO56,67064.9%–

717Albany, NYNY915,83564.9%–

718Yankton, SDSD23,63564.9%–

719Warner Robins, GAGA208,09164.9%–

720Harrisburg, PAPA617,42764.9%–

721Helena, MTMT97,15364.9%–

722Findlay, OHOH75,03464.9%–

723St. Marys, PAPA29,92665.0%–

724Reading, PAPA440,07265.0%–

725Los Angeles, CACA12,844,44165.0%–

726Providence, RIRI1,708,16165.0%–

727Pella, IAIA34,19265.0%–

728Santa Rosa, CACA486,44465.0%–

729Lewiston, MEME116,48765.0%–

730La Crosse, WIWI171,18265.1%–

731Napa, CACA132,94965.1%–

732Faribault, MNMN69,93965.1%–

733Janesville, WIWI166,47265.1%–

734Louisville, KYKY1,402,50965.1%–

735Oskaloosa, IAIA21,88065.1%–

736Oklahoma City, OKOK1,512,81365.1%–

737Beatrice, NENE21,71165.1%–

738Hereford, TXTX18,62665.1%–

739Twin Falls, IDID123,90165.2%–

740Spirit Lake, IAIA18,07765.3%–

741Reno, NVNV578,73465.3%–

742Kapaa, HIHI73,40065.3%–

743Spencer, IAIA16,20265.3%–

744McPherson, KSKS30,06465.3%–

745Oshkosh, WIWI174,21865.4%–

746Evanston, WYWY23,41565.4%–

747Rexburg, IDID69,38065.4%–

748Philadelphia, PAPA6,329,11865.4%–

749Idaho Falls, IDID173,85165.4%–

750Ottawa, KSKS26,29965.4%–

751Defiance, OHOH38,29265.5%–

752Alexandria, MNMN40,12065.5%–

753St. Louis, MOMO2,814,42165.5%–

754San Angelo, TXTX122,06565.6%–

755North Platte, NENE33,97265.6%–

756Concord, NHNH158,07865.6%–

757Columbia, MOMO219,06265.7%–

758Huron, SDSD19,62465.8%–

759York, PAPA473,19765.8%–

760Hinesville, GAGA91,87065.8%–

761Savannah, GAGA438,31465.8%–

762Cincinnati, OHOH2,312,85865.9%–

763Mason City, IAIA49,71065.9%–

764Muscatine, IAIA41,85366.0%–

765Auburn, ININ44,53566.0%–

766Boise City, IDID864,24366.0%–

767Greensburg, ININ26,57666.0%–

768San Diego, CACA3,282,24866.0%–

769Milwaukee, WIWI1,575,01066.1%–

770Billings, MTMT193,60366.1%–

771Ames, IAIA128,09066.1%–

772Effingham, ILIL44,72766.1%–

773Kalamazoo, MIMI263,79566.1%–

774Rapid City, SDSD156,93466.2%–

775Wichita, KSKS663,80966.2%–

776Beaver Dam, WIWI89,09766.2%–

777Wahpeton, NDND23,01966.2%–

778Winnemucca, NVNV17,26766.2%–

779Lancaster, PAPA563,15966.3%–

780Menomonie, WIWI46,22366.3%–

781Stevens Point, WIWI71,94366.3%–

782Worcester, MAMA888,50266.3%–

783Sheboygan, WIWI118,04766.3%–

784Salina, KSKS59,12166.3%–

785Honolulu, HIHI988,70366.4%–

786Fond du Lac, WIWI104,66966.4%–

787Lexington, KYKY535,17466.4%–

788Worthington, MNMN22,33866.5%–

789Dumas, TXTX21,89166.5%–

790Houston, TXTX7,904,62766.5%–

791Kahului, HIHI160,67466.5%–

792Richmond, VAVA1,389,33866.5%–

793Barre, VTVT59,65266.6%–

794Fort Wayne, ININ466,25866.6%–

795Wapakoneta, OHOH45,90966.6%–

796Elkhart, ININ208,77466.7%–

797Fremont, NENE38,05766.7%–

798Warsaw, ININ80,89266.8%–

799Cheyenne, WYWY102,93866.8%–

800Baltimore, MDMD2,857,78166.9%–

801Chicago, ILIL9,434,12366.9%–

802Portland, OROR2,542,28266.9%–

803Charlotte, NCNC2,938,83067.0%–

804Eau Claire, WIWI176,64767.0%–

805Whitewater, WIWI106,12767.0%–

806Grand Rapids, MIMI1,183,64567.1%–

807Virginia Beach, VAVA1,797,21367.1%–

808Hastings, NENE40,57767.1%–

809Atlanta, GAGA6,482,18267.1%–

810New Ulm, MNMN25,51767.2%–

811Jasper, ININ44,01667.4%–

812Fort Collins, COCO377,29267.4%–

813Waterloo, IAIA169,18967.5%–

814Red Wing, MNMN48,19567.5%–

815Indianapolis, ININ2,205,69567.5%–

816San Francisco, CACA4,630,04167.5%–

817Columbus, OHOH2,242,02867.5%–

818Lexington Park, MDMD211,17667.6%–

819San Jose, CACA1,984,47367.7%–

820Dubuque, IAIA99,38167.8%–

821Juneau city and, AKAK31,60967.8%–

822Colorado Springs, COCO781,79667.8%–

823Wausau, WIWI139,43267.9%–

824Laramie, WYWY38,55867.9%–

825Elko, NVNV56,68267.9%–

826Green Bay, WIWI336,75667.9%–

827Kenosha, WIWI168,44867.9%–

828Portland, MEME577,63567.9%–

829Steamboat Springs, COCO38,45168.0%–

830Emporia, KSKS34,83868.1%–

831Boulder, COCO328,56068.1%–

832Greeley, COCO378,42668.1%–

833Anchorage, AKAK405,82168.1%–

834Sidney, OHOH48,06568.1%–

835Hailey, IDID32,43668.2%–

836Carroll, IAIA20,30368.2%–

837Baraboo, WIWI66,65268.2%–

838Dickinson, NDND39,14268.3%–

839Hutchinson, MNMN36,63168.3%–

840Owatonna, MNMN37,46468.3%–

841Odessa, TXTX173,80168.4%–

842Pierre, SDSD20,58868.4%–

843Nashville, TNTN2,197,41668.4%–

844Kansas City, MOMO2,270,68268.4%–

845Burlington, VTVT227,80368.5%–

846Logan, UTUT160,88968.5%–

847Marshall, MNMN25,68468.5%–

848Mitchell, SDSD25,91368.7%–

849Seattle, WAWA4,161,88368.7%–

850Aberdeen, SDSD41,58368.7%–

851Ketchikan, AKAK13,54968.7%–

852Cedar Rapids, IAIA279,28568.8%–

853Casper, WYWY80,52668.9%–

854Willmar, MNMN44,72069.0%–

855Watertown, WIWI86,50569.0%–

856Dallas, TXTX8,477,15769.0%–

857Celina, OHOH42,73769.0%–

858Vermillion, SDSD15,03169.0%–

859Andrews, TXTX18,91469.0%–

860Norfolk, NENE49,22869.1%–

861Boston, MAMA5,034,22169.1%–

862Raleigh, NCNC1,595,72069.1%–

863Rock Springs, WYWY41,26769.2%–

864Los Alamos, NMNM19,40769.3%–

865Lexington, NENE26,25569.4%–

866Missoula, MTMT128,69869.4%–

867Guymon, OKOK20,32269.5%–

868Grand Island, NENE78,07669.6%–

869Columbus, NENE46,58369.6%–

870Bismarck, NDND139,75069.6%–

871Ogden, UTUT672,78469.7%–

872Provo, UTUT773,42669.7%–

873Storm Lake, IAIA20,44969.7%–

874Winona, MNMN50,52369.7%–

875Gillette, WYWY48,14569.8%–

876Brookings, SDSD37,63569.9%–

877Iowa City, IAIA182,71169.9%–

878Midland, TXTX193,13969.9%–

879Liberal, KSKS21,07369.9%–

880Le Mars, IAIA25,69770.0%–

881Sioux City, IAIA145,73870.0%–

882Hood River, OROR23,72070.1%–

883Nantucket, MAMA14,75870.2%–

884Manchester, NHNH433,41570.2%–

885Fort Leonard Wood, MOMO54,44270.3%–

886Watertown, SDSD29,56270.4%–

887Grand Forks, NDND105,04670.4%–

888Omaha, NENE1,009,83670.4%–

889Appleton, WIWI249,87670.6%–

890Lawrence, KSKS120,92070.6%–

891Heber, UTUT81,65570.6%–

892Manhattan, KSKS136,12270.6%–

893Lincoln, NENE352,08170.7%–

894Austin, TXTX2,620,94570.8%–

895Rochester, MNMN231,18470.8%–

896Dodge City, KSKS33,99370.9%–

897Jacksonville, NCNC217,17570.9%–

898Fairbanks, AKAK93,97271.1%–

899Madison, WIWI709,68571.1%–

900Denver, COCO3,092,03771.2%–

901St. Cloud, MNMN205,85471.4%–

902Des Moines, IAIA758,53971.4%–

903Minneapolis, MNMN3,790,29571.5%–

904Washington, DCDC6,465,72471.6%–

905Kearney, NENE57,96271.6%–

906Salt Lake City, UTUT1,308,37771.7%–

907Mankato, MNMN104,90771.8%–

908Bozeman, MTMT128,74071.8%–

909Hays, KSKS29,07572.6%–

910Garden City, KSKS37,50572.6%–

911Rifle, COCO80,09973.4%–

912Minot, NDND75,69473.6%–

913Sioux Falls, SDSD314,63874.0%–

914Williston, NDND41,76774.4%–

915Fargo, NDND269,52874.9%–

916Breckenridge, COCO39,06975.3%–

917Jackson, WYWY36,58775.9%–

918Edwards, COCO54,29176.7%–

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UPDATED 2026-06-02 · DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR ESTIMATES