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METRO AREA

Memphis Metro

Memphis, TN-MS-AR · 9 counties · 1,341,412 residents (2025 est.) · 4,982 sq mi
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The short version

Memphis is home to 1,341,924 people. 6% of residents were born outside the United States. The typical home is worth $247,224, having more than doubled since 2000. About 31% of adults have finished a four-year degree. 16.6% of residents live below the federal poverty line. The median household earns $67,403, about 18% below the national median.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 36.9
US median: 38.9
Average education
31% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 53%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
1,341,924
+11%since 2000
from 1,213,230 in 2000
1,341,412 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
269 / sq mi
+11%since 2000
from 244 / sq mi in 2000
US average: 281
Median age
36.9
+11%since 2000
from 33.2 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
4,982 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
1.0M1.1M1.2M1.3M1.4M19902000201020202024Memphis
20241.3M
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 56.5%(86,949)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 97%(93,353)
US avg: 6%
10 to 147.1%(95,804)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.7%(90,190)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.3%(84,475)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3414.1%(188,742)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4412.9%(173,474)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5412.1%(162,862)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6412.2%(163,312)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 749.4%(126,601)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 844.3%(57,532)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.4%(18,630)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$67,403
−6%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $39,451 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$37,885
+90%since 2000
from $19,941 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
45.0%
+17.5 ptssince 2009
from 27.5% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
16.6%
+0.9 ptssince 2000
from 15.7% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.486
+4%since 2010
from 0.469 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Finance & insurance13.5%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical12.9%
US avg: 5.1%
Information10.8%
US avg: 10.8%
Retail trade9.9%
US avg: 9.9%
Wholesale trade5.8%
US avg: 6.9%
Other services5.2%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration3.4%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing2.8%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services0.6%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.6%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.5%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$247,224
+53%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $88,866 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,212
+21%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $551 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
60.7%
−5.5 ptssince 2000
from 66.2% in 2000
39.3% rent
Vacancy rate
9.8%
−2.3 ptssince 2009
from 12.1% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.53 people
−4%since 2009
from 2.63 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
21.9%
−8.2 ptssince 2009
from 30.1% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
48.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 48.5% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
3.7
+29%since 2009
from 2.9 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
54
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic51.9%(630,093)
Black43.3%(525,338)
Hispanic / Latino2.3%(28,485)
Asian1.3%(15,789)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic40.3%(541,356)
Black46.3%(621,806)
Hispanic / Latino7.5%(100,537)
Asian2.3%(30,601)
Other3.5%(47,624)
Diversity Score
73
+9%since 2009
from 67 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Segregation Score
55
−2%since 2020
from 56 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican4.2%(56,572)
Central American1.6%(21,835)
Guatemalan0.6%(8,414)
Honduran0.7%(8,160)
South American0.6%(7,722)
Puerto Rican0.4%(4,573)
Venezuelan0.3%(4,085)
Salvadoran0.3%(3,339)
Cuban0.2%(2,714)
Colombian0.1%(1,697)
Nicaraguan0.1%(1,216)
Dominican0.1%(1,134)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Spaniard0.1%(857)
Peruvian0%(526)
Panamanian0.1%(517)
Chilean0%(325)
Argentine0%(308)
Uruguayan0%(261)
Ecuadorian0%(242)
Bolivian0%(52)
Asian origin
Asian Indian0.9%(10,943)
Chinese0.4%(4,845)
Vietnamese0.4%(4,794)
Filipino0.3%(3,478)
Korean0.1%(1,052)
Pakistani0.1%(909)
Japanese0.1%(679)
Laotian0%(505)
Cambodian0%(447)
Indonesian0%(372)
Nepalese0%(299)
+ 6 more asian origin groups with data
Mongolian0%(220)
Taiwanese0%(204)
Thai0%(191)
Burmese0%(187)
Pacific Islander origin
Native Hawaiian0.1%(1,184)
Chamorro0%(494)
Samoan0%(415)
Guamanian0%(91)
Tongan0%(35)
Ancestry
English8%(107,671)
American6.2%(83,095)
Irish6%(80,997)
German5.2%(69,128)
Italian1.9%(24,902)
Subsaharan African1.3%(17,750)
Scottish1.2%(16,632)
French0.9%(12,148)
Scotch-Irish0.9%(11,905)
Polish0.6%(8,438)
Arab0.4%(5,577)
Dutch0.4%(4,873)
+ 50 more ancestry groups with data
Norwegian0.3%(3,987)
Welsh0.3%(3,544)
British0.3%(3,534)
Swedish0.3%(3,464)
Nigerian0.3%(3,348)
West Indian0.2%(2,282)
Russian0.2%(2,256)
Greek0.2%(1,924)
Ukrainian0.1%(1,538)
French Canadian0.1%(1,441)
Lebanese0.1%(1,309)
Swiss0.1%(1,279)
Czech0.1%(1,140)
Portuguese0.1%(1,135)
Jamaican0.1%(941)
Austrian0.1%(902)
Hungarian0.1%(901)
Danish0.1%(771)
Lithuanian0.1%(688)
Ghanaian0.1%(681)
Ethiopian0.1%(645)
Canadian0%(625)
Palestinian0.1%(602)
Croatian0%(543)
Brazilian0%(405)
Kenyan0%(405)
Belgian0%(404)
Romanian0%(401)
Syrian0%(383)
Guyanese0%(381)
Iranian0%(354)
Finnish0%(316)
Slovak0%(268)
Moroccan0%(264)
Egyptian0%(257)
Haitian0%(247)
Jordanian0%(238)
Armenian0%(216)
Turkish0%(203)
Somali0%(160)
Latvian0%(133)
Iraqi0%(132)
Australian0%(130)
Israeli0%(97)
Serbian0%(91)
Bulgarian0%(66)
Slovene0%(51)
Barbadian0%(29)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
31.1%
+9.2 ptssince 2000
from 21.9% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
89.6%
+10.8 ptssince 2000
from 78.8% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
12.2%
+4.7 ptssince 2000
from 7.5% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
24.3 min
+52%since 2000
from 16.0 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
78.0%
−4.4 ptssince 2009
from 82.4% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
9.4%
−1.3 ptssince 2009
from 10.7% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.4%
−1.1 ptssince 2009
from 1.5% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
9.9%
+7.5 ptssince 2009
from 2.4% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.0%
−0.6 ptssince 2009
from 1.6% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.1%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 0.2% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
7.2%
−1.3 ptssince 2009
from 8.5% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
6.5%
−4.2 ptssince 2011
from 10.7% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
64.2%
−2.0 ptssince 2011
from 66.2% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
74.0%
+1.1 ptssince 2020
from 72.9% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
12.3%
−0.8 ptssince 2009
from 13.1% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
37.1%
+5.7 ptssince 2009
from 31.5% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
47.8%
−0.2 ptssince 2009
from 48.1% in 2009
Female
52.2%
+0.2 ptssince 2009
from 51.9% in 2009
Foreign born
6.3%
+1.7 ptssince 2009
from 4.6% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
6.3%
−3.5 ptssince 2009
from 9.7% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
13.7%
+0.9 ptssince 2012
from 12.8% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
11.0%
−4.6 ptssince 2013
from 15.6% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
89.3%
+18.6 ptssince 2017
from 70.7% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
94.8%
+6.5 ptssince 2020
from 88.3% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
88.4%
+2.5 ptssince 2020
from 85.9% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
90.8%
−1.5 ptssince 2016
from 92.3% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
5.8%
+1.3 ptssince 2016
from 4.5% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married40.3%(201,954)
Married47.4%(237,940)
Widowed3.1%(15,481)
Divorced9.2%(46,092)
Women 15+
Never married37.2%(210,084)
Married41.6%(235,022)
Widowed8.6%(48,503)
Divorced12.5%(70,742)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
11.0%
−4.6 ptssince 2013
from 15.6% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
53.4%
−1.4 ptssince 2020
from 54.8% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
12.1%
+0.3 ptssince 2020
from 11.7% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
16.7%
+0.7 ptssince 2020
from 16.1% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
22.7%
+0.3 ptssince 2020
from 22.4% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
2.1%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 2.3% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
63.7%
−1.1 ptssince 2020
from 64.9% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
36.6%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 35.8% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)25.5%(16,136)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)28.8%(18,215)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era30.8%(19,437)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War2.7%(1,723)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II0.5%(305)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 63,169 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
In this metro

Largest cities

MemphisCENTRAL609,647Southaven57,819Bartlett56,416Collierville51,909Olive Branch47,563Germantown40,001Horn Lake26,741West Memphis23,336Hernando18,824Arlington15,703Lakeland14,422Marion13,378Millington12,953Oakland10,835Atoka10,645Covington8,585Senatobia8,473Munford6,996Holly Springs6,402Somerville3,622Bridgetown3,195Brighton2,892Piperton2,889Tunica Resorts2,281Lynchburg2,161Earle1,721Walls1,420Byhalia1,412Mason1,342Coldwater1,326

The 30 most populous of 71 cities and towns in this metro. CENTRAL marks the metro's principal cities.

What's inside

9 component counties

Shelby CountyCENTRAL910,226DeSoto CountyCENTRAL197,918Tipton County62,287Crittenden CountyCENTRAL46,210Fayette County45,071Marshall County34,654Tate County28,725Tunica County8,819Benton County7,502
Drill deeper

Metros similar to Memphis

Birmingham
Pop 1,197,766
Louisville
Pop 1,402,509
Oklahoma City
Pop 1,512,813
Buffalo
Pop 1,155,653
Places similar to Memphis
Head to head

Compare Memphis side by side

MEMPHIS VS
Birmingham
Income$72,464+8%
Home value$241,872−2%
Population1,197,766−11%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Louisville
Income$75,127+11%
Home value$252,743+2%
Population1,402,509+5%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Oklahoma City
Income$72,641+8%
Home value$228,101−8%
Population1,512,813+13%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Buffalo
Income$72,257+7%
Home value$225,816−9%
Population1,155,653−14%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?

Memphis, TN-MS-AR has about 1,341,924 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?

The typical household in Memphis, TN-MS-AR earns about $67,403 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Memphis, TN-MS-AR expensive?

In Memphis, TN-MS-AR, the median home is worth about $247,224, and the typical rent is about $1,212 a month.

How educated are people in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?

About 31.1% of adults age 25 and over in Memphis, TN-MS-AR hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?

About 16.6% of people in Memphis, TN-MS-AR live below the federal poverty line.

Has Memphis, TN-MS-AR grown since 1990?

Yes, Memphis, TN-MS-AR has grown since 1990. The population has added about 266,615 residents, a change of about 25 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · METRO ROLLUP OF COMPONENT COUNTIES · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →