METRO AREA
Memphis Metro
Memphis, TN-MS-AR · 9 counties · 1,341,412 residents (2025 est.) · 4,982 sq mi
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Notable rankings
#45Largest by populationof 9251,341,412The short version
Memphis is home to 1,341,924 people. 6% of residents were born outside the United States. The typical home is worth $247,224, having more than doubled since 2000. About 31% of adults have finished a four-year degree. 16.6% of residents live below the federal poverty line. The median household earns $67,403, about 18% below the national median.
At a glance
Lower income
median household income $67,403, below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 36.9
US median: 38.9
Average education
31% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 53%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Unique to this place
What stands out about Memphis
What changed most since 1990
- Black share41.0% → 46.3% (+5.3 pts)US over the same years: +0.2 pts
Among the 27 metro and micro areas based in Tennessee
- 6th in household income$67,403
- 4th in share with a bachelor's degree31.1%
- 11th in home value$247,224
- 1st in diversity score73.3
Section 01
Population & growth
1,341,924
+11%since 2000
from 1,213,230 in 2000
1,341,412 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Land area
4,982 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
20241.3M
Age distribution, 2024
Under 56.5%(86,949)
5 to 97%(93,353)
10 to 147.1%(95,804)
15 to 196.7%(90,190)
20 to 246.3%(84,475)
25 to 3414.1%(188,742)
35 to 4412.9%(173,474)
45 to 5412.1%(162,862)
55 to 6412.2%(163,312)
65 to 749.4%(126,601)
75 to 844.3%(57,532)
85 and over1.4%(18,630)
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02
Income & economy
$67,403
−6%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $39,451 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Households earning $100K+
45.0%
+17.5 ptssince 2009
from 27.5% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Workforce by industry, 2024
Finance & insurance13.5%
Professional, scientific, technical12.9%
Information10.8%
Retail trade9.9%
Wholesale trade5.8%
Other services5.2%
Public administration3.4%
Transportation & warehousing2.8%
Arts, entertainment, food1%
Education & health services0.6%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.6%
Construction0.5%
Manufacturing0.1%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03
Housing
$247,224
+53%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $88,866 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
3.7
+29%since 2009
from 2.9 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
54
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04
Race & ethnicity
2000
White, non-Hispanic51.9%(630,093)
Black43.3%(525,338)
Hispanic / Latino2.3%(28,485)
Asian1.3%(15,789)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic40.3%(541,356)
Black46.3%(621,806)
Hispanic / Latino7.5%(100,537)
Asian2.3%(30,601)
Other3.5%(47,624)
73
+9%since 2009
from 67 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
55
−2%since 2020
from 56 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins
Detailed origins & ancestry
Hispanic origin
Mexican4.2%(56,572)
Central American1.6%(21,835)
Guatemalan0.6%(8,414)
Honduran0.7%(8,160)
South American0.6%(7,722)
Puerto Rican0.4%(4,573)
Venezuelan0.3%(4,085)
Salvadoran0.3%(3,339)
Cuban0.2%(2,714)
Colombian0.1%(1,697)
Nicaraguan0.1%(1,216)
Dominican0.1%(1,134)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Spaniard0.1%(857)
Peruvian0%(526)
Panamanian0.1%(517)
Chilean0%(325)
Argentine0%(308)
Uruguayan0%(261)
Ecuadorian0%(242)
Costa Rican0%(189)
Bolivian0%(52)
Paraguayan0%(19)
Asian origin
Asian Indian0.9%(10,943)
Chinese0.4%(4,845)
Vietnamese0.4%(4,794)
Filipino0.3%(3,478)
Korean0.1%(1,052)
Pakistani0.1%(909)
Japanese0.1%(679)
Laotian0%(505)
Cambodian0%(447)
Bangladeshi0%(379)
Indonesian0%(372)
Nepalese0%(299)
+ 6 more asian origin groups with data
Pacific Islander origin
Native Hawaiian0.1%(1,184)
Chamorro0%(494)
Samoan0%(415)
Guamanian0%(91)
Tongan0%(35)
Ancestry
English8%(107,671)
American6.2%(83,095)
Irish6%(80,997)
German5.2%(69,128)
Italian1.9%(24,902)
Subsaharan African1.3%(17,750)
Scottish1.2%(16,632)
French0.9%(12,148)
Scotch-Irish0.9%(11,905)
Polish0.6%(8,438)
Arab0.4%(5,577)
Dutch0.4%(4,873)
+ 50 more ancestry groups with data
Norwegian0.3%(3,987)
Welsh0.3%(3,544)
British0.3%(3,534)
Swedish0.3%(3,464)
Nigerian0.3%(3,348)
West Indian0.2%(2,282)
Russian0.2%(2,256)
Greek0.2%(1,924)
Ukrainian0.1%(1,538)
French Canadian0.1%(1,441)
Lebanese0.1%(1,309)
Swiss0.1%(1,279)
Czech0.1%(1,140)
Portuguese0.1%(1,135)
Jamaican0.1%(941)
Austrian0.1%(902)
Hungarian0.1%(901)
Danish0.1%(771)
Lithuanian0.1%(688)
Ghanaian0.1%(681)
Ethiopian0.1%(645)
Canadian0%(625)
Palestinian0.1%(602)
Croatian0%(543)
Trinidadian & Tobagonian0%(444)
Brazilian0%(405)
Kenyan0%(405)
Belgian0%(404)
Romanian0%(401)
Syrian0%(383)
Guyanese0%(381)
Iranian0%(354)
Finnish0%(316)
Slovak0%(268)
Moroccan0%(264)
Egyptian0%(257)
Haitian0%(247)
Jordanian0%(238)
Armenian0%(216)
Turkish0%(203)
Somali0%(160)
Latvian0%(133)
Iraqi0%(132)
Australian0%(130)
Israeli0%(97)
Serbian0%(91)
Cape Verdean0%(86)
Bulgarian0%(66)
Slovene0%(51)
Barbadian0%(29)
Section 05
Education
High school or higher
89.6%
+10.8 ptssince 2000
from 78.8% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Section 06
Commute & transportation
Section 07
Work & employment
Women 20-64 in the labor force
74.0%
+1.1 ptssince 2020
from 72.9% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Section 08
People & community
Computer in household
94.8%
+6.5 ptssince 2020
from 88.3% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married40.3%(201,954)
Married47.4%(237,940)
Widowed3.1%(15,481)
Divorced9.2%(46,092)
Women 15+
Never married37.2%(210,084)
Married41.6%(235,022)
Widowed8.6%(48,503)
Divorced12.5%(70,742)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09
Health coverage
Direct-purchase
12.1%
+0.3 ptssince 2020
from 11.7% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
VA health care
2.1%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 2.3% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
63.7%
−1.1 ptssince 2020
from 64.9% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
36.6%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 35.8% in 2020
US average: 36.7%
Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.
Section 09 · Service history
Veterans
Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)25.5%(16,136)
Gulf War (1990s)28.8%(18,215)
Vietnam era30.8%(19,437)
Korean War2.7%(1,723)
World War II0.5%(305)
Share of the 63,169 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Over time
Memphis, decade by decade
| Year | Population | Median household income | Median home value | Bachelor's degree+ | Diversity score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1,075,309 | $63,255 | $149,971 | 18.1% | 61.0 |
| 2000 | 1,213,230 | $71,866 | $161,884 | 21.9% | 67.7 |
| 2010 | 1,324,829 | $66,235 | $192,786 | 24.5% | 72.0 |
| 2020 | 1,345,425 | $66,299 | $193,807 | 28.8% | 76.9 |
| 2024 | 1,341,924 | $67,403 | $247,224 | 31.1% | 73.3 |
Census years come from the decennial census and the latest year from the American Community Survey, so part of any change between those two rows can reflect the different surveys. Dollar figures are adjusted for inflation to 2024 dollars; a figure ending in "+" was at the Census Bureau's reporting cap that year. The diversity score runs from 0 to 100; see how it's calculated.
In this metro
Largest cities
MemphisCENTRAL609,647Southaven57,819Bartlett56,416Collierville51,909Olive Branch47,563Germantown40,001Horn Lake26,741West Memphis23,336Hernando18,824Arlington15,703Lakeland14,422Marion13,378Millington12,953Oakland10,835Atoka10,645Covington8,585Senatobia8,473Munford6,996Holly Springs6,402Somerville3,622Bridgetown3,195Brighton2,892Piperton2,889Tunica Resorts2,281Lynchburg2,161Earle1,721Walls1,420Byhalia1,412Mason1,342Coldwater1,326
The 30 most populous of 71 cities and towns in this metro. CENTRAL marks the metro's principal cities.
What's inside
9 component counties
Drill deeper
Metros similar to Memphis
Birmingham
Pop 1,197,766
Louisville
Pop 1,402,509
Oklahoma City
Pop 1,512,813
Buffalo
Pop 1,155,653
Places similar to MemphisHead to head
Compare Memphis side by side
MEMPHIS VS
Birmingham
Income$72,464+8%
Home value$241,872−2%
Population1,197,766−11%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Louisville
Income$75,127+11%
Home value$252,743+2%
Population1,402,509+5%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Oklahoma City
Income$72,641+8%
Home value$228,101−8%
Population1,512,813+13%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Buffalo
Income$72,257+7%
Home value$225,816−9%
Population1,155,653−14%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked
How many people live in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?
Memphis, TN-MS-AR has about 1,341,924 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.
What is the median household income in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?
The typical household in Memphis, TN-MS-AR earns about $67,403 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.
Is Memphis, TN-MS-AR expensive?
In Memphis, TN-MS-AR, the median home is worth about $247,224, and the typical rent is about $1,212 a month.
How educated are people in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?
About 31.1% of adults age 25 and over in Memphis, TN-MS-AR hold a bachelor's degree or higher.
What is the poverty rate in Memphis, TN-MS-AR?
About 16.6% of people in Memphis, TN-MS-AR live below the federal poverty line.
Has Memphis, TN-MS-AR grown since 1990?
Yes, Memphis, TN-MS-AR has grown since 1990. The population has added about 266,615 residents, a change of about 25 percent over that period.
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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · METRO ROLLUP OF COMPONENT COUNTIES · UPDATED 2024