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METRO AREA

Richmond Metro

Richmond, VA · 17 counties · 1,389,338 residents (2025 est.) · 4,364 sq mi
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The short version

With 1,341,248 people, Richmond is a metro area. Few US metro areas rank higher on income. The population is up 29% since 2000. 41% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher. 9% of people across the metro were born outside the United States. Median household income is $89,669, close to the national figure.

At a glance
Wealthier
median household income $89,669, above the US median
US median: $82,259
Mid-age
median age 39.1
US median: 38.9
More educated
41% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 73%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Unique to this place

What stands out about Richmond

What changed most since 1990

  • Median home value (2024 dollars)$182,651 → $351,202 (+92%)US over the same years: +67%

Among the 12 metro and micro areas based in Virginia

  • 3rd in household income$89,669
  • 2nd in share with a bachelor's degree41.1%
  • 3rd in home value$351,202
  • 2nd in diversity score72.1
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
1,341,248
+29%since 2000
from 1,040,192 in 2000
1,389,338 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
307 / sq mi
+29%since 2000
from 238 / sq mi in 2000
US average: 281
Median age
39.1
+9%since 2000
from 35.9 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
4,364 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
858K990K1.1M1.3M1.4M19902000201020202024Richmond
20241.3M
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 55.6%(75,713)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 95.8%(77,809)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146.1%(82,281)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.4%(85,343)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.2%(82,822)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3414.4%(192,805)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4413.6%(182,703)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5412.2%(163,788)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6412.9%(173,661)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7410.2%(136,170)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 844.9%(65,297)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.7%(22,856)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$89,669
+4%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $47,504 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$47,682
+103%since 2000
from $23,460 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
56.8%
+19.1 ptssince 2009
from 37.7% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
10.0%
+0.7 ptssince 2000
from 9.4% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.449
+5%since 2010
from 0.429 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Information10.6%
US avg: 10.8%
Other services9.4%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration7.4%
US avg: 4.8%
Wholesale trade7.2%
US avg: 6.9%
Retail trade6.8%
US avg: 9.9%
Finance & insurance5.6%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical4.5%
US avg: 5.1%
Transportation & warehousing2.3%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.5%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services1.1%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.5%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.4%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$351,202
+73%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $111,299 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,492
+29%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $633 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
68.1%
−1.0 ptssince 2000
from 69.1% in 2000
31.9% rent
Vacancy rate
6.1%
−2.2 ptssince 2009
from 8.4% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.46 people
−3%since 2009
from 2.54 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
20.4%
−6.9 ptssince 2009
from 27.2% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
47.1%
+4.1 ptssince 2009
from 43.0% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
4.0
+8%since 2009
from 3.7 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
53
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic63.8%(664,034)
Black30.3%(314,699)
Hispanic / Latino2.3%(23,654)
Asian2%(20,430)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic54.7%(733,056)
Black27.6%(370,573)
Hispanic / Latino8.4%(112,994)
Asian4.2%(55,910)
Other5.1%(68,715)
Diversity Score
72
+19%since 2009
from 61 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Segregation Score
41
−7%since 2020
from 45 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Central American3.1%(41,147)
Mexican2%(26,257)
Salvadoran1.3%(17,686)
Puerto Rican1.3%(17,609)
Guatemalan1%(12,198)
South American0.9%(11,408)
Honduran0.6%(7,619)
Cuban0.3%(3,967)
Colombian0.3%(3,259)
Dominican0.3%(3,169)
Venezuelan0.2%(2,685)
Spaniard0.2%(2,340)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Panamanian0.1%(1,827)
Peruvian0.1%(1,519)
Ecuadorian0.1%(1,341)
Nicaraguan0.1%(1,308)
Bolivian0.1%(734)
Chilean0.1%(734)
Argentine0.1%(530)
Paraguayan0%(148)
Uruguayan0%(115)
Asian origin
Asian Indian1.7%(21,222)
Chinese0.6%(7,060)
Filipino0.5%(6,137)
Vietnamese0.4%(5,247)
Korean0.4%(4,612)
Pakistani0.2%(2,623)
Cambodian0.2%(1,993)
Kazakh0.1%(1,213)
Nepalese0.1%(852)
Japanese0.1%(600)
Thai0%(513)
+ 10 more asian origin groups with data
Taiwanese0%(423)
Burmese0%(390)
Sri Lankan0%(278)
Bhutanese0.1%(228)
Laotian0%(151)
Mongolian0%(49)
Uzbek0%(49)
Hmong0%(19)
Pacific Islander origin
Chamorro0.1%(560)
Samoan0%(489)
Tongan0%(63)
Fijian0%(10)
Ancestry
English13.3%(178,513)
German9.1%(121,726)
Irish8.3%(111,416)
American6.7%(89,512)
Italian3.7%(49,259)
Scottish1.9%(25,918)
Subsaharan African1.6%(21,903)
Polish1.4%(19,441)
French1.4%(19,332)
Scotch-Irish1.3%(16,867)
Arab0.8%(10,381)
West Indian0.8%(9,810)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
British0.6%(8,185)
Dutch0.6%(7,655)
Welsh0.6%(7,617)
Swedish0.5%(6,184)
Russian0.4%(5,279)
Greek0.4%(5,071)
Norwegian0.4%(5,023)
Jamaican0.4%(4,844)
Hungarian0.2%(3,309)
Czech0.3%(3,298)
Lebanese0.3%(3,245)
Ukrainian0.2%(3,189)
French Canadian0.2%(2,917)
Portuguese0.2%(2,620)
Egyptian0.2%(2,540)
Nigerian0.2%(2,326)
Danish0.2%(2,215)
Canadian0.2%(2,029)
Swiss0.2%(1,972)
Ethiopian0.2%(1,961)
Slovak0.1%(1,855)
Haitian0.1%(1,757)
Austrian0.1%(1,748)
Brazilian0.1%(1,701)
Lithuanian0.1%(1,516)
Iranian0.1%(1,476)
Guyanese0.1%(1,157)
Romanian0.1%(1,148)
Iraqi0.1%(876)
Finnish0.1%(821)
Croatian0.1%(782)
Armenian0.1%(759)
Moroccan0.1%(745)
Ghanaian0.1%(724)
Kenyan0%(485)
Turkish0%(465)
Belgian0%(411)
Syrian0%(394)
Barbadian0%(376)
Latvian0%(361)
Serbian0%(300)
Bulgarian0%(284)
Jordanian0%(280)
Israeli0%(207)
Slovene0%(184)
Australian0%(139)
Somali0%(64)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
41.1%
+12.6 ptssince 2000
from 28.5% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
92.2%
+10.2 ptssince 2000
from 82.0% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
16.2%
+6.7 ptssince 2000
from 9.5% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
25.5 min
+62%since 2000
from 15.8 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
69.7%
−11.7 ptssince 2009
from 81.4% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
7.2%
−2.7 ptssince 2009
from 9.9% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
1.0%
−0.9 ptssince 2009
from 1.9% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
18.8%
+15.0 ptssince 2009
from 3.9% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.8%
+0.2 ptssince 2009
from 1.6% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.2%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 0.3% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
6.1%
−0.7 ptssince 2009
from 6.8% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
4.5%
−3.1 ptssince 2011
from 7.6% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
66.5%
−0.6 ptssince 2011
from 67.1% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
78.2%
+1.4 ptssince 2020
from 76.8% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
14.3%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 13.7% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
46.6%
+8.9 ptssince 2009
from 37.7% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
48.6%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 48.4% in 2009
Female
51.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 51.6% in 2009
Foreign born
8.9%
+2.6 ptssince 2009
from 6.3% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
7.8%
−3.5 ptssince 2009
from 11.3% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
13.0%
+1.3 ptssince 2012
from 11.7% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
6.5%
−5.9 ptssince 2013
from 12.4% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
91.2%
+11.9 ptssince 2017
from 79.3% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
95.9%
+3.2 ptssince 2020
from 92.8% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
86.6%
+1.6 ptssince 2020
from 85.0% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
88.2%
−2.0 ptssince 2016
from 90.1% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
6.1%
+1.6 ptssince 2016
from 4.5% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married37.5%(199,047)
Married51.3%(271,999)
Widowed2.8%(14,621)
Divorced8.4%(44,760)
Women 15+
Never married33%(189,995)
Married46.7%(268,595)
Widowed8%(45,990)
Divorced12.2%(70,438)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
6.5%
−5.9 ptssince 2013
from 12.4% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
60.2%
−1.2 ptssince 2020
from 61.4% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
13.8%
−0.6 ptssince 2020
from 14.4% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
18.0%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 17.2% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
17.1%
+3.4 ptssince 2020
from 13.6% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
3.4%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 3.0% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
72.7%
−2.4 ptssince 2020
from 75.1% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
34.5%
+4.4 ptssince 2020
from 30.1% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)29.1%(23,515)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)29.1%(23,453)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era29.3%(23,633)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War3%(2,443)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II1%(828)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 80,695 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Over time

Richmond, decade by decade

Richmond population, inflation-adjusted income and home value, education, and diversity by year
YearPopulationMedian household incomeMedian home valueBachelor's degree+Diversity score
1990901,877$81,044$182,65123.3%47.3
20001,040,192$86,535$202,74928.5%62.5
20101,186,501$86,046$321,65731.8%69.3
20201,314,434$88,872$298,74638.0%76.2
20241,341,248$89,669$351,20241.1%72.1

Census years come from the decennial census and the latest year from the American Community Survey, so part of any change between those two rows can reflect the different surveys. Dollar figures are adjusted for inflation to 2024 dollars; a figure ending in "+" was at the Census Bureau's reporting cap that year. The diversity score runs from 0 to 100; see how it's calculated.

In this metro

Largest cities

RichmondCENTRAL237,257Tuckahoe49,183Mechanicsville38,683Petersburg33,734Short Pump29,026Chester24,474Hopewell23,261Meadowbrook20,749Midlothian19,120Colonial Heights18,738Laurel18,721Glen Allen17,551Bon Air16,904East Highland Park15,265Highland Springs14,296Brandermill13,730Lakeside12,654Manchester12,445Wyndham12,099Rockwood10,010Fort Lee8,993Innsbrook8,578Montrose8,285Dumbarton7,997Ashland7,982Bellwood7,907Sandston7,399Woodlake7,358Bensley5,949Ettrick5,910

The 30 most populous of 52 cities and towns in this metro. CENTRAL marks the metro's principal cities.

What's inside

17 component counties

Chesterfield CountyCENTRAL397,148Henrico CountyCENTRAL342,775RichmondCENTRAL237,257Hanover CountyCENTRAL116,423Prince George CountyCENTRAL43,936PetersburgCENTRAL33,734Powhatan County32,591Goochland County29,187Dinwiddie CountyCENTRAL28,896New Kent County28,022HopewellCENTRAL23,261King William County19,617Colonial HeightsCENTRAL18,738Amelia County13,632Sussex County10,755King and Queen County6,743Charles City County6,623
Drill deeper

Metros similar to Richmond

Salt Lake City
Pop 1,308,377
Providence
Pop 1,708,161
Hartford
Pop 1,171,426
Grand Rapids
Pop 1,183,645
Places similar to Richmond
Head to head

Compare Richmond side by side

RICHMOND VS
Salt Lake City
Income$98,059+9%
Home value$519,848+48%
Population1,308,377−6%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
RICHMOND VS
Providence
Income$87,204−3%
Home value$426,358+21%
Population1,708,161+23%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
RICHMOND VS
Hartford
Income$95,076+6%
Home value$332,239−5%
Population1,171,426−16%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
RICHMOND VS
Grand Rapids
Income$83,097−7%
Home value$285,847−19%
Population1,183,645−15%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Richmond, VA?

Richmond, VA has about 1,341,248 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Richmond, VA?

The typical household in Richmond, VA earns about $89,669 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Richmond, VA expensive?

In Richmond, VA, the median home is worth about $351,202, and the typical rent is about $1,492 a month.

How educated are people in Richmond, VA?

About 41.1% of adults age 25 and over in Richmond, VA hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Richmond, VA?

About 10.0% of people in Richmond, VA live below the federal poverty line.

Has Richmond, VA grown since 1990?

Yes, Richmond, VA has grown since 1990. The population has added about 439,371 residents, a change of about 49 percent over that period.

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Explore from here

DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · METRO ROLLUP OF COMPONENT COUNTIES · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →