CensusEasy
CensusEasy
RANKING · 2024 ACS · 425 SHOWN OF 925

Least affordable housing, US metro areas

US metro areas ranked by the CensusEasy Afford Score, median home value divided by median household income (2024 ACS). A higher score means a home costs more years of local income.

Flip the list · Most affordable housing, US metro areas →
All statesAll rankings
RANKPLACESTATEPOPAFFORD SCOREVS 1990
501▲87Grand Island, NENE78,0763.1+76%
502▲99Appleton, WIWI249,8763.1+67%
503▲33Augusta, GAGA641,2313.1+43%
504▼135Lake Charles, LALA244,6553.1+42%
505▼54Harrisburg, PAPA617,4273.1+33%
506▲51Buffalo, NYNY1,155,6533.1+23%
507▲305Sulphur Springs, TXTX39,0633.1+49%
508▼12Florence, SCSC201,3923.1+41%
509▼2Des Moines, IAIA758,5393.1+70%
510▼24Norfolk, NENE49,2283.1+69%
511▲306Cordele, GAGA19,2373.1+18%
512▲281Paris, TXTX63,3193.1+81%
513▼40Gillette, WYWY48,1453.1+67%
514▲46Corpus Christi, TXTX451,1913.1+46%
515▲142Yankton, SDSD23,6353.1+39%
516▼41Hattiesburg, MSMS158,0143.1+29%
517▲52Jackson, TNTN184,5693.1+50%
518▼86Lebanon, PAPA146,3803.1+29%
519▼125Mount Pleasant, MIMI64,6913.1+31%
520▼105Cape Girardeau, MOMO99,2153.1+47%
521▼40Duluth, MNMN281,2193.1+78%
522▼23Hutchinson, MNMN36,6313.1+46%
523▲101Scottsboro, ALAL54,2813.1+56%
524▼26Dalton, GAGA147,8193.1+45%
525▲81Elkhart, ININ208,7743.1+53%
526▼47Gadsden, ALAL103,8863.1+61%
527▲26Janesville, WIWI166,4723.1+79%
528▼28Dubuque, IAIA99,3813.1+62%
529▲92Durant, OKOK51,3673.1+43%
530▼127Florence, ALAL156,6093.1+43%
531▼23Beaver Dam, WIWI89,0973.1+63%
532▼124Glens Falls, NYNY124,3733.1+13%
533▲182Muskegon, MIMI177,9013.0+70%
534▲86Brookhaven, MSMS35,0123.0+28%
535▲88Jesup, GAGA32,4813.0+62%
536▲29Thomaston, GAGA28,5003.0+69%
537▲54Jasper, ININ44,0163.0+65%
538▲42Sparta, WIWI46,5723.0+55%
539▲13Tifton, GAGA51,2373.0+36%
540▲74Wooster, OHOH116,7583.0+34%
541▲7Oshkosh, WIWI174,2183.0+51%
542▼18Madison, ININ33,2793.0+67%
543▼30Laredo, TXTX281,2243.0+12%
544▼42St. Louis, MOMO2,814,4213.0+42%
545▼17Aberdeen, SDSD41,5833.0+58%
546▲27El Paso, TXTX881,2913.0+20%
547▲68Wilmington, OHOH42,3013.0+59%
548▲273Moberly, MOMO24,5133.0+92%
549▲157Fort Wayne, ININ466,2583.0+62%
550▼90Platteville, WIWI52,4463.0+69%
551▼177Thomasville, GAGA72,9583.0+36%
552▲70Fond du Lac, WIWI104,6693.0+59%
553▲21Zanesville, OHOH87,0143.0+54%
554▼36Columbus, MSMS67,1443.0+40%
555▼66Marion, NCNC45,1983.0+51%
556▼59Maryville, MOMO20,1743.0+68%
557▼27Goldsboro, NCNC122,2783.0+20%
558▲139Palestine, TXTX59,8053.0+60%
559▲184Worthington, MNMN22,3383.0+75%
560▼49Fort Payne, ALAL74,0853.0+52%
561▲25Victoria, TXTX99,8643.0+49%
562▼12Cleveland, OHOH2,165,7753.0+26%
563▼23Decatur, ALAL160,3263.0+41%
564▼180Arkadelphia, ARAR20,9383.0+38%
565▼121Bainbridge, GAGA29,4323.0+45%
566▼189Houma, LALA199,6683.0+23%
567▲76Pella, IAIA34,1923.0+70%
568▼94Dothan, ALAL156,2663.0+48%
569▼132Searcy, ARAR80,0853.0+35%
570▲34Monroe, MIMI156,0043.0+57%
571▼86Poplar Bluff, MOMO41,9043.0+35%
572▲73Roswell, NMNM63,3643.0+48%
573▼15Bay City, TXTX36,4632.9+41%
574▲44Lansing, MIMI479,7222.9+48%
575▲33Farmington, MOMO67,8092.9+53%
576▼157Sayre, PAPA59,6002.9+37%
577▼89Fort Leonard Wood, MOMO54,4422.9+26%
578▲4Fort Smith, ARAR234,1402.9+45%
579▼57Big Rapids, MIMI42,3202.9+24%
580▲9Akron, OHOH701,7802.9+37%
581▲28Jackson, MIMI159,5522.9+80%
582▼44York, PAPA473,1972.9+20%
583▲128Flint, MIMI401,0932.9+82%
584▲63Paragould, ARAR47,4112.9+49%
585▲257Mineral Wells, TXTX30,7912.9+62%
586▼65Jefferson City, MOMO152,7122.9+54%
587▼95Marietta, OHOH58,3892.9+38%
588▲48South Bend, ININ324,5382.9+65%
589▲9Sumter, SCSC105,0672.9+16%
590▲26Owatonna, MNMN37,4642.9+45%
591▲130Martin, TNTN33,2612.9+52%
592▲81Columbus, ININ85,7292.9+58%
593▼47Corbin, KYKY150,0402.9+17%
594▼79Alamogordo, NMNM70,3682.9+15%
595▲107Mayfield, KYKY37,0502.9+58%
596▲130Texarkana, TXTX146,8162.9+47%
597▲36Evansville, ININ273,7862.9+48%
598▲9North Platte, NENE33,9722.9+80%
599▼163Lock Haven, PAPA37,8702.9+38%
600▲108New Iberia, LALA66,8462.9+22%
601▼33Angola, ININ34,7992.9+40%
602▼15San Angelo, TXTX122,0652.9+41%
603▼215Mitchell, SDSD25,9132.9+81%
604▲114Bartlesville, OKOK54,0372.9+62%
605▼24Washington, ININ34,2092.9+63%
606▲11Pierre, SDSD20,5882.9+33%
607▼8Owensboro, KYKY113,9622.9+48%
608▼92Russellville, ARAR84,9322.9+39%
609▼90Clovis, NMNM65,2702.9+22%
610▲60Warsaw, ININ80,8922.9+51%
611▼21Montgomery, ALAL388,7472.9+27%
612▼40Scranton, PAPA574,4182.9+14%
613▲15Dyersburg, TNTN36,3202.9+46%
614▼2Danville, VAVA101,1372.9+37%
615▼53Muskogee, OKOK66,7082.9+45%
616▼82Plymouth, ININ46,5992.9+63%
617▲140Greensburg, ININ26,5762.9+76%
618▲40Alpena, MIMI28,8532.9+55%
619▲18Rocky Mount, NCNC148,4862.9+24%
620▲18New Philadelphia, OHOH92,3732.9+42%
621▲33Wichita, KSKS663,8092.8+54%
622▲152Rockingham, NCNC42,0412.8+57%
623▲59Oxford, ALAL115,8342.8+32%
624▲99Bellefontaine, OHOH46,3022.8+46%
625▼132Watertown, NYNY111,5402.8+23%
626▲180Middlesborough, KYKY22,8292.8+5%
627▼27Pittsburgh, PAPA2,421,9922.8+39%
628▼202El Campo, TXTX42,0602.8+39%
629▲129McAlester, OKOK43,3202.8+56%
630▼51Gaffney, SCSC58,2752.8+49%
631▼29Wausau, WIWI139,4322.8+56%
632▲51Campbellsville, KYKY38,4072.8+52%
633▼213Carbondale, ILIL52,5012.8+6%
634▼21Sandusky, OHOH112,7772.8+32%
635▲109Mount Sterling, KYKY48,4282.8+34%
636▲125Sidney, OHOH48,0652.8+45%
637▼42Grenada, MSMS30,2222.8+27%
638▲33Shawano, WIWI45,7592.8+38%
639▲89Fremont, NENE38,0572.8+63%
640▲92Columbus, NENE46,5832.8+50%
641▼45Newberry, SCSC39,5612.8+36%
642▲143Uvalde, TXTX24,9632.8+33%
643▲44Dayton, OHOH826,5542.8+31%
644▼97Longview, TXTX297,3152.8+37%
645▼108Findlay, OHOH75,0342.8+41%
646▲84Odessa, TXTX173,8012.8+52%
647▲166Coshocton, OHOH37,1882.8+49%
648▲32Chillicothe, OHOH76,4292.8+37%
649▼116Huntingdon, PAPA43,0012.8+50%
650▼83Erie, PAPA265,8322.8+39%
651▲73Greencastle, ININ37,8762.8+50%
652▼8Adrian, MIMI97,7792.8+60%
653▼76Ada, OKOK38,5282.8+26%
654▲55Tupelo, MSMS133,1672.8+35%
655▼198Minden, LALA34,9482.8+30%
656▼365Americus, GAGA33,3942.8+31%
657▲55Amarillo, TXTX276,2352.8+43%
658▲98Ardmore, OKOK48,9102.8+59%
659▼116Corinth, MSMS34,5692.8+32%
660▲205Mount Pleasant, TXTX57,0762.8+40%
661▼42Sunbury, PAPA107,7882.8+50%
662▲72Mansfield, OHOH124,8932.8+46%
663▲132Brownwood, TXTX38,7112.8+49%
664▲134Jacksonville, TXTX53,3372.8+35%
665▼160Enterprise, ALAL56,9532.8+25%
666▼112Garden City, KSKS37,5052.8+50%
667▲24New Ulm, MNMN25,5172.8+40%
668▼104Waterloo, IAIA169,1892.8+63%
669▼93Sedalia, MOMO44,2542.8+54%
670▼17Woodward, OKOK19,8272.8+62%
671▼6Michigan City, ININ111,2942.8+49%
672▼3Warner Robins, GAGA208,0912.8+37%
673▲8Le Mars, IAIA25,6972.7+53%
674▼43Canton, OHOH400,2462.7+34%
675▲65Magnolia, ARAR21,8942.7+33%
676▲51Fairmont, MNMN19,4402.7+65%
677▼92Elkins, WVWV26,8822.7+8%
678▲104Kendallville, ININ47,9372.7+69%
679▼38Celina, OHOH42,7372.7+33%
680▼69Houghton, MIMI40,0282.7+74%
681▼76Hillsdale, MIMI45,7382.7+72%
682▲4Gallipolis, OHOH29,0722.7+18%
683▲69Corsicana, TXTX57,1812.7+47%
684▼18Hermitage, PAPA107,8602.7+61%
685▲52Wheeling, WVWV134,0892.7+37%
686▲56Abilene, TXTX185,4292.7+54%
687▼178Decatur, ININ36,6502.7+55%
688▼63Spencer, IAIA16,2022.7+66%
689▼25Toledo, OHOH599,3762.7+33%
690▲118Malvern, ARAR33,4512.7+34%
691▼35Portsmouth, OHOH71,3652.7+30%
692▲46Clarksburg, WVWV88,1422.7+29%
693▲8Cadillac, MIMI49,7192.7+50%
694▲47Guymon, OKOK20,3222.7+42%
695▼92Parkersburg, WVWV87,2642.7+37%
696▲95Beaumont, TXTX399,3102.7+63%
697▼35Escanaba, MIMI36,5822.7+45%
698▼30Weatherford, OKOK39,0592.7+39%
699▼47Carlsbad, NMNM62,5092.7+42%
700▲153Andrews, TXTX18,9142.7+86%
701▼7Cedar Rapids, IAIA279,2852.7+54%
702▲86Hobbs, NMNM74,7492.7+61%
703▲60Manitowoc, WIWI81,7102.7+51%
704▼107Kankakee, ILIL105,5252.7+41%
705▲55Urbana, OHOH38,8202.7+52%
706▼174Fitzgerald, GAGA17,0992.7+23%
707▼29Washington Court House, OHOH28,5522.7+42%
708▼164Cambridge, OHOH38,3792.7+48%
709▼167Salina, KSKS59,1212.7+58%
710▼18Shawnee, OKOK75,1022.7+41%
711▼12Rochester, NYNY1,056,1492.7+9%
712▼57Joplin, MOMO208,7962.7+50%
713▲22Springfield, OHOH135,3402.7+39%
714▼210Elk City, OKOK22,1592.7+69%
715▼36Henderson, KYKY57,1842.7+51%
716▲50Greenville, OHOH51,5202.7+44%
717▼32Sturgis, MIMI60,9682.7+66%
718▲79Lufkin, TXTX88,1542.7+42%
719▼126McPherson, KSKS30,0642.7+54%
720▼16Ashland, OHOH52,5232.7+36%
721▲59Alexander City, ALAL40,9532.7+37%
722▲3Kinston, NCNC55,8372.7+8%
723▼192Marshall, MNMN25,6842.7+38%
724▲15Lawton, OKOK127,5902.7+23%
725▼18Dublin, GAGA60,3512.7+28%
726▼97Selma, ALAL35,1402.7+2%
727▼64Scottsbluff, NENE36,2722.6+41%
728▲25Topeka, KSKS233,0522.6+50%
729▼173Morgan City, LALA46,5522.6+13%
730▲93Marion, OHOH65,1152.6+65%
731▲5Laurel, MSMS82,2812.6+21%
732▼292Vicksburg, MSMS41,7592.6+19%
733▲81Bedford, ININ45,5682.6+63%
734▲103Kingsville, TXTX30,3152.6+40%
735▼257Kirksville, MOMO29,8242.6+17%
736▼33St. Joseph, MOMO119,1702.6+55%
737▲50Muscatine, IAIA41,8532.6+55%
738▲37Youngstown, OHOH423,6782.6+36%
739▲61Monticello, ININ25,1642.6+49%
740▲41Hastings, NENE40,5772.6+58%
741▲49Sioux City, IAIA145,7382.6+60%
742▼20Meridian, MSMS85,4192.6+16%
743▼220Paducah, KYKY102,2592.6+33%
744▲60Auburn, ININ44,5352.6+61%
745▼99Ozark, ALAL49,9122.6+29%
746▼79Bloomington, ILIL171,4192.6+25%
747▲84Salem, OHOH99,3772.6+44%
748▼59Sault Ste. Marie, MIMI36,0812.6+50%
749▼198Greenwood, MSMS34,9122.6−2%
750▼236Oneonta, NYNY60,5892.6−3%
751▼188Cumberland, MDMD93,6402.6+21%
752▼62Marshall, MOMO23,2652.6+51%
753▲63Brownsville, TXTX433,9462.6+18%
754▲68McAllen, TXTX921,5492.6+22%
755▼57Beatrice, NENE21,7112.6+64%
756▲15Huron, SDSD19,6242.6+68%
757▼61Wisconsin Rapids, WIWI74,0602.6+53%
758▼128Altoona, PAPA119,5412.6+48%
759▼10Lima, OHOH100,8812.6+35%
760▲64Fremont, OHOH58,6552.6+31%
761▲95Kokomo, ININ83,9042.6+58%
762▼7Battle Creek, MIMI133,4082.6+67%
763▼79Beckley, WVWV109,9402.6+19%
764▼71Hannibal, MOMO38,9692.6+54%
765▼114Ottawa, KSKS26,2992.6+74%
766▲88Terre Haute, ININ169,2412.6+61%
767▼107Albany, GAGA145,5102.6+10%
768▼55Marinette, WIWI65,5152.6+40%
769▲20Coldwater, MIMI45,9932.6+59%
770▼130Russellville, ALAL32,4492.5+21%
771▲2Owosso, MIMI67,6812.5+65%
772▼188Huntington, WVWV365,9652.5+14%
773▼378McComb, MSMS52,6402.5−6%
774▼142Indiana, PAPA82,8782.5+16%
775▼65Seymour, ININ47,3702.5+48%
776▼115Martinsville, VAVA63,0912.5+23%
777▼48Plattsburgh, NYNY78,1382.5+5%
778▼130Orangeburg, SCSC83,1772.5+2%
779▼60Austin, MNMN40,9712.5+42%
780▼8Meadville, PAPA81,7922.5+36%
781▼132Rio Grande City, TXTX66,3192.5+19%
782▲17Frankfort, ININ33,3222.5+62%
783▲101Altus, OKOK24,7642.5+28%
784▲44Saginaw, MIMI187,6882.5+49%
785▲78Batesville, ARAR38,7852.5+27%
786▼18Auburn, NYNY74,3652.5+17%
787▼145Talladega, ALAL91,7642.5+25%
788▲39Richmond, ININ66,1692.5+40%
789▼24Midland, MIMI83,7542.5+36%
790▼26Madisonville, KYKY45,1272.5+41%
791▼116Laurinburg, NCNC33,3222.5+19%
792▼23Syracuse, NYNY652,2732.5+2%
793▼34Vidalia, GAGA36,1802.5+5%
794▲25Utica, NYNY285,6112.5−5%
795▼28Pittsburg, KSKS39,0082.5+61%
796▲9Rockford, ILIL337,2422.5+31%
797▲5Del Rio, TXTX47,8352.5−1%
798▼81Davenport, IAIA380,4522.5+44%
799▼333Natchez, MSMS54,7222.5−3%
800▼38Pikeville, KYKY89,1222.5+6%
801▼291Zapata, TXTX13,7532.5+4%
802▼54Fairmont, WVWV55,5842.5+20%
803▼27Emporia, KSKS34,8382.5+37%
804▲31Dumas, TXTX21,8912.5+48%
805▲13Miami, OKOK30,4382.5+46%
806▼29Wahpeton, NDND23,0192.5+41%
807▼173Greenville, MSMS40,4462.5+5%
808▼132Eufaula, ALAL26,8612.5+18%
809▲1Bay City, MIMI102,1232.5+56%
810▼175Moultrie, GAGA47,4382.5+24%
811▼388DeRidder, LALA36,6732.5+21%
812▼66Gloversville, NYNY52,2162.5+5%
813▼10Somerset, PAPA72,0042.5+23%
814▼3Lewistown, PAPA46,1272.5+24%
815▼127Union City, TNTN30,0672.4+26%
816▼116Norwalk, OHOH58,2502.4+18%
817▲49New Castle, ININ49,1372.4+74%
818▲42Huntington, ININ37,2242.4+64%
819▼114Douglas, GAGA52,8612.4+17%
820▼5Iron Mountain, MIMI30,5752.4+39%
821▼14Amsterdam, NYNY50,0462.4−5%
822▲29Lexington, NENE26,2552.4+36%
823▼31Binghamton, NYNY243,1892.4−9%
824▲1Enid, OKOK61,7792.4+49%
825▼75Quincy, ILIL74,1462.4+35%
826▼93Carroll, IAIA20,3032.4+42%
827▼26Wapakoneta, OHOH45,9092.4+24%
828▼151Sikeston, MOMO49,9782.4+21%
829▲10Wichita Falls, TXTX149,4482.4+28%
830▼21Clarksdale, MSMS19,8492.4−7%
831▼35Albert Lea, MNMN30,4402.4+40%
832▲32Mexico, MOMO24,5282.4+58%
833▼102Crawfordsville, ININ38,9542.4+41%
834▼2Muncie, ININ113,1062.4+40%
835▼81Clinton, IAIA46,0022.4+56%
836▼57Waycross, GAGA57,6702.4+20%
837▼11Atchison, KSKS16,1722.4+64%
838▼91Marion, ILIL67,2252.4+31%
839▼180Bluefield, WVWV96,1382.40%
840▲53Logansport, ININ37,8362.4+54%
841▼55Duncan, OKOK44,3102.4+38%
842▼59Mason City, IAIA49,7102.4+34%
843▲16Bucyrus, OHOH41,8962.4+38%
844▲36Wabash, ININ30,7132.4+45%
845▲2Tiffin, OHOH54,5222.3+34%
846▼132Charleston, WVWV200,1702.30%
847▼96Springfield, ILIL206,0332.3+18%
848▼28Blytheville, ARAR37,8282.3+5%
849▼5Batavia, NYNY58,4162.3+10%
850▲26Alma, MIMI41,1902.3+47%
851▼106Roanoke Rapids, NCNC63,0252.3+2%
852▼136Rochelle, ILIL51,3992.3+25%
853▼24Cortland, NYNY45,8502.3−7%
854▼13Summerville, GAGA25,3002.3+32%
855▼6Marion, ININ66,5242.3+50%
856▲21Seneca Falls, NYNY32,8832.3+13%
857▼73Peoria, ILIL363,5052.3+38%
858▲41Alice, TXTX45,3832.3+23%
859▲26Fort Madison, IAIA32,3062.3+57%
860▼90Charleston, ILIL46,6072.3+23%
861▼31Lumberton, NCNC119,9412.3+1%
862▼26Pine Bluff, ARAR70,2112.2+13%
863▼20Vincennes, ININ35,6522.2+22%
864▲9Pottsville, PAPA145,0852.2+36%
865▼7Weirton, WVWV112,4682.2+23%
866▲4Van Wert, OHOH29,0132.2+41%
867▲35Big Spring, TXTX30,5042.2+53%
868▼11Defiance, OHOH38,2922.2+32%
869▼31Fort Dodge, IAIA36,8382.2+42%
870▼9Oskaloosa, IAIA21,8802.2+40%
871▼77Storm Lake, IAIA20,4492.2+37%
872▼3Elmira, NYNY80,4152.2+9%
873▼153Effingham, ILIL44,7272.2+16%
874▼3DuBois, PAPA78,1002.2+21%
875▲32Connersville, ININ23,5332.2+38%
876▼26Dixon, ILIL32,9142.2+32%
877▲4Jamestown, NYNY124,1262.2+11%
878▼6El Dorado, ARAR36,9262.2+15%
879▼33Hutchinson, KSKS61,5392.2+35%
880▼12Great Bend, KSKS24,7902.1+33%
881▲30Plainview, TXTX36,7002.1+20%
882▼34Port Lavaca, TXTX19,5992.1+10%
883▼105Liberal, KSKS21,0732.1+16%
884▲16Forrest City, ARAR21,8002.1−16%
885▼33Dodge City, KSKS33,9932.1+9%
886▼31Ponca City, OKOK43,4902.1+23%
887▼53Ottawa, ILIL145,9022.1+21%
888▼13Warren, PAPA37,0382.1+27%
889▼15Freeport, ILIL43,2202.1+18%
890▼50Burlington, IAIA44,0612.1+36%
891▼3Corning, NYNY91,8552.1+16%
892▲16Arkansas City, KSKS34,3822.1+40%
893▼26Johnstown, PAPA128,9682.1+13%
894▲7Peru, ININ34,4872.1+25%
895▼50Kennett, MOMO26,8552.0+6%
896▼63Macomb, ILIL25,9162.0+24%
897▼15Decatur, ILIL99,3002.0+29%
898▼3Lincoln, ILIL27,1822.0+15%
899▼7St. Marys, PAPA29,9262.00%
900▼17Camden, ARAR26,3632.0+12%
901▼10Mount Vernon, ILIL36,1472.0+7%
902▼6Hereford, TXTX18,6262.0+2%
903▲2Marshalltown, IAIA39,8902.0+35%
904▼15Galesburg, ILIL47,7672.0+31%
905▼18Oil City, PAPA49,3461.9+15%
906▼12Massena, NYNY105,4881.9+5%
907▼17Ottumwa, IAIA35,2101.9+53%
908▼30Beeville, TXTX32,5151.90%
909▼30Pontiac, ILIL35,0571.9+24%
910▼48Jacksonville, ILIL37,3811.9+9%
911▼7Olean, NYNY75,3901.9+6%
912▼14Sweetwater, TXTX14,1171.9+31%
913▼4Snyder, TXTX16,1621.9+20%
914▼28Sterling, ILIL54,1211.9+15%
915▼12Taylorville, ILIL33,4431.8+22%
916Town of Pecos, TXTX12,1381.8+23%
917▲1Borger, TXTX19,6331.8+27%
918▼12Canton, ILIL32,9011.8+26%
919▼2Pampa, TXTX21,7861.8+20%
920▼10Danville, ILIL71,2591.7+6%
921▼7Centralia, ILIL36,3821.7+10%
922▼10Bradford, PAPA38,9841.7+2%
923▼8Vernon, TXTX12,4811.7+2%
924▼27Gallup, NMNM68,1191.7−29%
925▼12Raymondville, TXTX19,9711.4−21%
SHOWING 501–925 OF 925

UPDATED 2026-09-11 · DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR ESTIMATES