CensusEasy
RANKING · 2023 ACS · 500 SHOWN OF 3,144

Most homes without air conditioning, US counties

US counties ranked by the share of occupied homes with no air conditioning in 2023, from the Census Bureau's experimental Local Air Conditioning Estimates (LACE), a model combining the American Housing Survey and American Community Survey. A measure of vulnerability to extreme heat (experimental, modeled data).

All statesAll rankings
SAME RANKING BYStates
RANKPLACESTATEPOPHOMES WITHOUT AIR CONDITIONINGVS –
1001Howard County, ARAR12,3064.7%
1002Bell County, KYKY22,8294.7%
1003Edmonson County, KYKY12,7494.7%
1004Pendleton County, KYKY14,8004.7%
1005Kalamazoo County, MIMI263,7954.7%
1006Norman County, MNMN6,3364.7%
1007Nye County, NVNV57,3364.7%
1008Alexander County, NCNC36,9584.7%
1009McHenry County, NDND5,1304.7%
1010Summit County, OHOH538,3764.7%
1011Polk County, TNTN18,5924.7%
1012Fond du Lac County, WIWI104,6694.7%
1013Boone County, ARAR38,6284.6%
1014Scott County, KSKS4,8154.6%
1015Larue County, KYKY15,1844.6%
1016East Carroll Parish, LALA6,7604.6%
1017Oakland County, MIMI1,288,3374.6%
1018Benton County, MNMN41,7444.6%
1019Pope County, MNMN11,4204.6%
1020Douglas County, MOMO12,3424.6%
1021Saratoga County, NYNY241,3434.6%
1022Traill County, NDND7,9204.6%
1023Sandusky County, OHOH58,6554.6%
1024Malheur County, OROR32,2614.6%
1025Terrell County, TXTX7024.6%
1026Logan County, KSKS2,6614.5%
1027Custer County, MTMT12,0344.5%
1028Suffolk County, NYNY1,546,0904.5%
1029Bladen County, NCNC30,0074.5%
1030Columbus County, NCNC50,4874.5%
1031Duplin County, NCNC51,5714.5%
1032Northampton County, NCNC16,4914.5%
1033Foster County, NDND3,2124.5%
1034Henry County, OHOH27,5984.5%
1035Allegheny County, PAPA1,225,0354.5%
1036Sully County, SDSD1,4794.5%
1037Doddridge County, WVWV7,6344.5%
1038Winnebago County, WIWI174,2184.5%
1039Otero County, COCO17,6834.4%
1040Sheridan County, KSKS2,4274.4%
1041Wichita County, KSKS2,0314.4%
1042Henry County, KYKY16,4474.4%
1043Lincoln County, KYKY25,3534.4%
1044Le Sueur County, MNMN29,4534.4%
1045Putnam County, NYNY99,0284.4%
1046Pasquotank County, NCNC42,2014.4%
1047Coshocton County, OHOH37,1884.4%
1048Morgan County, OHOH13,6264.4%
1049Gregory County, SDSD4,0374.4%
1050Pickett County, TNTN5,2194.4%
1051Edwards County, TXTX1,3704.4%
1052Garza County, TXTX4,5104.4%
1053Oldham County, TXTX1,7834.4%
1054Madison County, VAVA14,2374.4%
1055Nottoway County, VAVA15,7964.4%
1056Denver County, COCO740,6134.3%
1057Decatur County, KSKS2,7164.3%
1058Edwards County, KSKS2,6404.3%
1059Republic County, KSKS4,6404.3%
1060Sherman County, KSKS5,7634.3%
1061Carter County, KYKY26,1494.3%
1062Clinton County, KYKY9,1394.3%
1063Kent County, MDMD19,5654.3%
1064Renville County, MNMN14,3564.3%
1065Quay County, NMNM8,4544.3%
1066LaMoure County, NDND4,1354.3%
1067Briscoe County, TXTX1,4744.3%
1068Dodge County, WIWI89,0974.3%
1069Lafayette County, ARAR5,8884.2%
1070Tehama County, CACA64,6654.2%
1071Douglas County, COCO399,3964.2%
1072Hamilton County, KSKS2,5004.2%
1073Butler County, KYKY12,5204.2%
1074Owen County, KYKY11,6014.2%
1075Kittson County, MNMN4,0314.2%
1076Hickory County, MOMO9,0444.2%
1077Logan County, NENE6694.2%
1078Caldwell County, NCNC81,1054.2%
1079Montgomery County, NCNC26,4034.2%
1080Bottineau County, NDND6,2844.2%
1081Burke County, NDND2,1324.2%
1082Buffalo County, SDSD1,8024.2%
1083Haakon County, SDSD1,8024.2%
1084Hamlin County, SDSD6,9004.2%
1085Bledsoe County, TNTN15,9204.2%
1086Sequatchie County, TNTN17,8614.2%
1087Dickens County, TXTX1,6924.2%
1088Swisher County, TXTX6,7034.2%
1089Accomack County, VAVA33,8594.2%
1090Nelson County, VAVA14,9204.2%
1091Northampton County, VAVA11,8794.2%
1092Perry County, ARAR10,3094.1%
1093Adams County, COCO554,6684.1%
1094Ohio County, KYKY23,9344.1%
1095Trimble County, KYKY8,7014.1%
1096Clinton County, MIMI80,4324.1%
1097Marshall County, MNMN8,7984.1%
1098Jones County, NCNC9,5754.1%
1099Knox County, OHOH64,0024.1%
1100Greene County, TNTN73,8314.1%
1101Lynn County, TXTX6,0174.1%
1102Lincoln County, WVWV19,1774.1%
1103Eau Claire County, WIWI109,0334.1%
1104St. Croix County, WIWI98,2764.1%
1105LaGrange County, ININ41,3054.0%
1106Ozark County, MOMO9,1724.0%
1107Wright County, MOMO19,6714.0%
1108Deuel County, NENE1,8624.0%
1109Gates County, NCNC10,2344.0%
1110Martin County, NCNC21,6014.0%
1111Rutherford County, NCNC65,7454.0%
1112Divide County, NDND2,1104.0%
1113Oliver County, NDND1,8984.0%
1114Lucas County, OHOH423,3474.0%
1115Medina County, OHOH185,0254.0%
1116Putnam County, OHOH34,3804.0%
1117Tripp County, SDSD5,7084.0%
1118Cocke County, TNTN37,8894.0%
1119Morgan County, TNTN22,1604.0%
1120Bailey County, TXTX6,9634.0%
1121Runnels County, TXTX9,6934.0%
1122Dallas County, ARAR6,0113.9%
1123Nevada County, ARAR7,9423.9%
1124Lane County, KSKS1,5083.9%
1125Cumberland County, KYKY5,9923.9%
1126Middlesex County, MAMA1,669,9793.9%
1127Oregon County, MOMO8,7093.9%
1128Valencia County, NMNM82,0133.9%
1129Burke County, NCNC88,6553.9%
1130Halifax County, NCNC46,5343.9%
1131Jackson County, TNTN12,4663.9%
1132Donley County, TXTX3,2133.9%
1133Yoakum County, TXTX7,4383.9%
1134Page County, VAVA23,7623.9%
1135Shenandoah County, VAVA45,8393.9%
1136Bristol, VAVA16,4183.9%
1137Campbell County, WYWY48,1453.9%
1138Lee County, ARAR8,0293.8%
1139Randolph County, ARAR18,8763.8%
1140Ottawa County, KSKS5,7443.8%
1141Estill County, KYKY13,9623.8%
1142Stearns County, MNMN164,1103.8%
1143Dallas County, MOMO18,0253.8%
1144Sheridan County, NENE4,8093.8%
1145Thomas County, NENE6393.8%
1146Dare County, NCNC38,2453.8%
1147Ransom County, NDND5,6173.8%
1148Guernsey County, OHOH38,3793.8%
1149Tuscarawas County, OHOH92,3733.8%
1150Lyman County, SDSD3,6943.8%
1151Grainger County, TNTN25,7393.8%
1152Potter County, TXTX114,4533.8%
1153Lunenburg County, VAVA12,0583.8%
1154Gilmer County, WVWV7,0853.8%
1155Outagamie County, WIWI195,8943.8%
1156Ashley County, ARAR17,8313.7%
1157Johnson County, ARAR26,2253.7%
1158Logan County, ARAR21,6333.7%
1159Monroe County, ARAR6,2443.7%
1160Comanche County, KSKS1,6733.7%
1161Rush County, KSKS2,8453.7%
1162Bracken County, KYKY8,5113.7%
1163Johnson County, KYKY22,0513.7%
1164Clay County, MNMN67,7343.7%
1165Stevens County, MNMN9,7473.7%
1166Issaquena County, MSMS1,2633.7%
1167Texas County, MOMO25,9943.7%
1168Wayne County, MOMO10,7823.7%
1169Cavalier County, NDND3,4973.7%
1170Charles Mix County, SDSD9,3033.7%
1171Codington County, SDSD29,5623.7%
1172Deuel County, SDSD4,4083.7%
1173Concho County, TXTX3,6073.7%
1174El Paso County, TXTX877,8583.7%
1175Menard County, TXTX1,9563.7%
1176Upton County, TXTX3,1313.7%
1177Jackson County, WVWV27,4503.7%
1178Iowa County, WIWI23,9513.7%
1179Monroe County, WIWI46,5723.7%
1180Baxter County, ARAR42,9823.6%
1181Cleveland County, ARAR7,2243.6%
1182Conway County, ARAR21,3933.6%
1183Ouachita County, ARAR21,7313.6%
1184Payette County, IDID27,8243.6%
1185Daviess County, KYKY104,8983.6%
1186Garrard County, KYKY18,2073.6%
1187Grant County, KYKY26,1813.6%
1188Knox County, KYKY29,5323.6%
1189Pike County, KYKY54,7213.6%
1190Union County, KYKY12,8393.6%
1191Baltimore, MDMD569,9973.6%
1192Eaton County, MIMI109,5813.6%
1193McPherson County, NENE3693.6%
1194Anson County, NCNC21,7583.6%
1195Bertie County, NCNC17,0863.6%
1196Wood County, OHOH134,1763.6%
1197Beadle County, SDSD19,6243.6%
1198Coke County, TXTX3,4123.6%
1199Crosby County, TXTX4,8523.6%
1200Hardeman County, TXTX3,2923.6%
1201Mason County, TXTX3,9903.6%
1202Parmer County, TXTX9,6783.6%
1203Hodgeman County, KSKS1,6193.5%
1204Norton County, KSKS5,2883.5%
1205Smith County, KSKS3,5663.5%
1206Grayson County, KYKY27,4063.5%
1207Russell County, KYKY18,6083.5%
1208Polk County, MNMN30,5453.5%
1209Cherry County, NENE5,5613.5%
1210Cheyenne County, NENE9,5283.5%
1211Greene County, NCNC20,7003.5%
1212Hertford County, NCNC19,0153.5%
1213Lenoir County, NCNC55,8373.5%
1214Sampson County, NCNC61,5043.5%
1215Warren County, NCNC18,8983.5%
1216Houston County, TNTN8,4793.5%
1217Lewis County, TNTN13,4873.5%
1218Perry County, TNTN9,1263.5%
1219Wayne County, TNTN16,4163.5%
1220Davis County, UTUT381,2273.5%
1221Buckingham County, VAVA17,1373.5%
1222Charlotte County, VAVA11,4013.5%
1223Rappahannock County, VAVA7,4393.5%
1224Petersburg, VAVA33,7343.5%
1225Logan County, WVWV30,3753.5%
1226Washington County, WIWI139,2383.5%
1227Hot Spring County, ARAR33,4513.4%
1228Lawrence County, ARAR16,2733.4%
1229Dade County, GAGA16,1543.4%
1230White County, GAGA29,8023.4%
1231Noble County, ININ47,9373.4%
1232Greeley County, KSKS1,1823.4%
1233Gallatin County, KYKY8,8403.4%
1234Steele County, MNMN37,4643.4%
1235Putnam County, MOMO4,5463.4%
1236Keya Paha County, NENE7923.4%
1237Richmond County, NYNY501,2903.4%
1238Caswell County, NCNC22,5633.4%
1239Union County, TNTN21,4503.4%
1240Washington County, TNTN141,1993.4%
1241Franklin County, VAVA55,5263.4%
1242Montgomery County, VAVA98,4343.4%
1243Martinsville, VAVA13,8493.4%
1244Clark County, ARAR20,9383.3%
1245Lincoln County, KSKS2,8613.3%
1246Breckinridge County, KYKY21,5033.3%
1247Carlisle County, KYKY4,7473.3%
1248Lawrence County, KYKY15,7653.3%
1249Wayne County, KYKY19,5973.3%
1250Livingston County, MIMI197,3153.3%
1251Swift County, MNMN9,7633.3%
1252Chase County, NENE3,7183.3%
1253Perkins County, NENE2,8493.3%
1254Hardin County, OHOH30,0723.3%
1255Hutchinson County, SDSD7,4133.3%
1256Lake County, SDSD10,9933.3%
1257McCulloch County, TXTX7,4723.3%
1258Henry County, VAVA49,2423.3%
1259Mathews County, VAVA8,5293.3%
1260Wirt County, WVWV4,8793.3%
1261Grant County, WIWI52,4463.3%
1262Desha County, ARAR9,9843.2%
1263Yell County, ARAR19,9563.2%
1264Wayne County, IAIA6,7383.2%
1265Chase County, KSKS2,5723.2%
1266Meade County, KSKS3,8523.2%
1267Adair County, KYKY19,4233.2%
1268Hopkins County, KYKY45,1273.2%
1269McLean County, KYKY9,0643.2%
1270Monroe County, KYKY11,1913.2%
1271Webster County, KYKY12,9293.2%
1272Wicomico County, MDMD106,8993.2%
1273Washtenaw County, MIMI370,2143.2%
1274Ramsey County, MNMN541,6233.2%
1275Loup County, NENE5703.2%
1276Rockland County, NYNY357,3973.2%
1277Wilson County, NCNC81,1503.2%
1278Aurora County, SDSD2,8013.2%
1279Hansford County, TXTX4,9443.2%
1280Schleicher County, TXTX2,2453.2%
1281Greene County, VAVA21,9583.2%
1282Emporia, VAVA5,4473.2%
1283Hopewell, VAVA23,2613.2%
1284Graham County, AZAZ40,1573.1%
1285Franklin County, ARAR17,7253.1%
1286Greene County, ARAR47,4113.1%
1287Woodruff County, ARAR5,7103.1%
1288Capitol Planning Region, CTCT994,1153.1%
1289Steuben County, ININ34,7993.1%
1290Elk County, KSKS2,4583.1%
1291Fulton County, KYKY6,2183.1%
1292Whitley County, KYKY37,2973.1%
1293Tensas Parish, LALA3,7003.1%
1294Kent County, MIMI675,2323.1%
1295Jackson County, MNMN9,8573.1%
1296Wright County, MNMN157,5593.1%
1297Luna County, NMNM25,4073.1%
1298Pamlico County, NCNC12,7583.1%
1299Robeson County, NCNC119,9413.1%
1300Champaign County, OHOH38,8203.1%
1301Perry County, OHOH35,9183.1%
1302Brown County, SDSD37,5613.1%
1303Miner County, SDSD2,2813.1%
1304Benton County, TNTN16,1833.1%
1305Clay County, TNTN7,8213.1%
1306Dawson County, TXTX11,7763.1%
1307Lamb County, TXTX12,5793.1%
1308Rockingham County, VAVA89,3163.1%
1309Surry County, VAVA6,6033.1%
1310Sussex County, VAVA10,7553.1%
1311Wayne County, WVWV37,3093.1%
1312Santa Cruz County, AZAZ50,0203.0%
1313Drew County, ARAR17,0543.0%
1314Placer County, CACA442,0813.0%
1315Gilmer County, GAGA33,8943.0%
1316Wilkes County, GAGA9,5403.0%
1317Stark County, ILIL5,3193.0%
1318Marshall County, ININ46,5993.0%
1319Pulaski County, ININ12,4633.0%
1320Randolph County, ININ24,4383.0%
1321Lucas County, IAIA8,8473.0%
1322Winneshiek County, IAIA19,7333.0%
1323Graham County, KSKS2,3713.0%
1324Marion County, KSKS11,6343.0%
1325Norfolk County, MAMA739,7493.0%
1326Rice County, MNMN69,9393.0%
1327Humphreys County, MSMS7,0013.0%
1328Montgomery County, MSMS9,3543.0%
1329Washington County, MSMS40,4463.0%
1330Shannon County, MOMO7,2853.0%
1331Nassau County, NYNY1,398,9393.0%
1332Brule County, SDSD5,2783.0%
1333Turner County, SDSD9,3143.0%
1334Decatur County, TNTN11,8203.0%
1335Hawkins County, TNTN59,5593.0%
1336Lauderdale County, TNTN24,6173.0%
1337Marion County, TNTN29,8043.0%
1338Weakley County, TNTN33,2613.0%
1339Martin County, TXTX5,2843.0%
1340Roberts County, TXTX8673.0%
1341Prairie County, ARAR7,9232.9%
1342Cook County, ILIL5,194,6252.9%
1343Winnebago County, IAIA10,2512.9%
1344Morris County, KSKS5,3482.9%
1345Morton County, KSKS2,4702.9%
1346Phillips County, KSKS4,7282.9%
1347Thomas County, KSKS7,7252.9%
1348Wilson County, KSKS8,2992.9%
1349Woodson County, KSKS3,1182.9%
1350Barren County, KYKY45,6412.9%
1351Casey County, KYKY16,2052.9%
1352Floyd County, KYKY34,4012.9%
1353Perry County, KYKY26,5552.9%
1354Dorchester County, MDMD33,6282.9%
1355Talbot County, MDMD38,2382.9%
1356Hennepin County, MNMN1,284,7842.9%
1357Yellow Medicine County, MNMN9,4772.9%
1358Maries County, MOMO8,3972.9%
1359Dundy County, NENE1,5682.9%
1360Edgecombe County, NCNC49,1212.9%
1361McKenzie County, NDND15,1922.9%
1362Defiance County, OHOH38,2922.9%
1363Northampton County, PAPA324,4112.9%
1364Campbell County, TNTN40,2902.9%
1365Brewster County, TXTX9,4582.9%
1366Floyd County, TXTX4,8812.9%
1367Amherst County, VAVA31,9622.9%
1368Cabell County, WVWV91,1832.9%
1369Sauk County, WIWI66,6522.9%
1370Bradley County, ARAR9,8282.8%
1371Cleburne County, ARAR25,6722.8%
1372Independence County, ARAR38,7852.8%
1373DeKalb County, ININ44,5352.8%
1374Starke County, ININ23,4252.8%
1375Allamakee County, IAIA14,2382.8%
1376Cherokee County, KSKS19,1052.8%
1377Greenwood County, KSKS5,8262.8%
1378Bourbon County, KYKY20,2432.8%
1379Carroll County, KYKY11,1412.8%
1380Harrison County, KYKY19,6272.8%
1381Muhlenberg County, KYKY30,6342.8%
1382West Carroll Parish, LALA9,1562.8%
1383Cottonwood County, MNMN11,4052.8%
1384Lac qui Parle County, MNMN6,7042.8%
1385McLeod County, MNMN36,6312.8%
1386Quitman County, MSMS5,3642.8%
1387Reynolds County, MOMO5,9922.8%
1388Worth County, MOMO1,9142.8%
1389Box Butte County, NENE10,4942.8%
1390Hayes County, NENE8212.8%
1391Washington County, NCNC10,6382.8%
1392Crane County, TXTX4,5542.8%
1393Deaf Smith County, TXTX18,6262.8%
1394Halifax County, VAVA33,4472.8%
1395Richmond County, VAVA9,2942.8%
1396Winchester, VAVA28,2722.8%
1397Jackson County, ARAR16,7412.7%
1398Lincoln County, ARAR12,7642.7%
1399Union County, ARAR36,9262.7%
1400San Bernardino County, CACA2,224,0912.7%
1401Broomfield County, COCO79,1742.7%
1402Heard County, GAGA12,1492.7%
1403Lumpkin County, GAGA36,1782.7%
1404Taylor County, GAGA7,8182.7%
1405Lake County, ILIL719,3392.7%
1406Appanoose County, IAIA12,0772.7%
1407Monroe County, IAIA7,4062.7%
1408Boyd County, KYKY47,7512.7%
1409Claiborne Parish, LALA13,3542.7%
1410Richland Parish, LALA19,5822.7%
1411Leflore County, MSMS25,6862.7%
1412Barry County, MOMO36,2002.7%
1413Bollinger County, MOMO10,6462.7%
1414St. Clair County, MOMO9,9762.7%
1415Webster County, MOMO43,0542.7%
1416Renville County, NDND2,3312.7%
1417Stark County, NDND34,0132.7%
1418Lehigh County, PAPA384,3832.7%
1419Brookings County, SDSD37,6352.7%
1420Moody County, SDSD6,6322.7%
1421Claiborne County, TNTN33,2292.7%
1422Hickman County, TNTN26,2192.7%
1423Armstrong County, TXTX1,8432.7%
1424Motley County, TXTX1,0432.7%
1425Real County, TXTX2,7452.7%
1426Charles City County, VAVA6,6232.7%
1427Pittsylvania County, VAVA59,4902.7%
1428Warren County, VAVA42,7402.7%
1429Lexington, VAVA7,7692.7%
1430Roanoke, VAVA99,1112.7%
1431Butte County, CACA209,2112.6%
1432Macon County, GAGA11,7562.6%
1433Henry County, ININ49,1372.6%
1434Newton County, ININ14,1882.6%
1435Wells County, ININ28,8832.6%
1436Chickasaw County, IAIA11,6632.6%
1437Chautauqua County, KSKS3,3212.6%
1438Todd County, KYKY12,9722.6%
1439Trigg County, KYKY14,5122.6%
1440Somerset County, MDMD24,9732.6%
1441Worcester County, MDMD54,4592.6%
1442Kandiyohi County, MNMN44,7202.6%
1443Sharkey County, MSMS3,0972.6%
1444Tishomingo County, MSMS18,6392.6%
1445Morgan County, MOMO22,4182.6%
1446Blaine County, NENE4582.6%
1447Beaufort County, NCNC44,6702.6%
1448Rockingham County, NCNC94,1952.6%
1449Stanly County, NCNC68,8302.6%
1450Stutsman County, NDND21,4142.6%
1451Adams County, OHOH27,8652.6%
1452Darke County, OHOH51,5202.6%
1453Marion County, OHOH65,1152.6%
1454Oconee County, SCSC83,7752.6%
1455Bon Homme County, SDSD7,2442.6%
1456Douglas County, SDSD2,8882.6%
1457Dyer County, TNTN36,3202.6%
1458White County, TNTN29,6122.6%
1459Cottle County, TXTX1,2242.6%
1460Foard County, TXTX1,0442.6%
1461Red River County, TXTX11,8162.6%
1462Tooele County, UTUT87,4612.6%
1463Botetourt County, VAVA34,1442.6%
1464Brunswick County, VAVA15,7272.6%
1465Yakima County, WAWA259,1852.6%
1466Wood County, WVWV82,3852.6%
1467La Crosse County, WIWI121,3392.6%
1468Cochise County, AZAZ126,3322.5%
1469Garland County, ARAR99,6952.5%
1470Hempstead County, ARAR19,0802.5%
1471Sevier County, ARAR15,7582.5%
1472St. Joseph County, ININ272,8612.5%
1473Keokuk County, IAIA9,7972.5%
1474Gray County, KSKS5,6522.5%
1475Linn County, KSKS9,9502.5%
1476Miami County, KSKS36,2402.5%
1477Pawnee County, KSKS5,9912.5%
1478Stafford County, KSKS4,0052.5%
1479Washington County, KSKS5,5332.5%
1480Greenup County, KYKY35,2132.5%
1481Lyon County, KYKY9,1232.5%
1482Mason County, KYKY16,9362.5%
1483Taylor County, KYKY26,7632.5%
1484St. Mary's County, MDMD116,6922.5%
1485Martin County, MNMN19,4402.5%
1486Nobles County, MNMN22,3382.5%
1487Olmsted County, MNMN166,7312.5%
1488Holmes County, MSMS15,4652.5%
1489Tallahatchie County, MSMS10,8772.5%
1490Benton County, MOMO20,5362.5%
1491Clark County, MOMO6,4752.5%
1492Harrison County, MOMO8,2812.5%
1493Schuyler County, MOMO4,1402.5%
1494Sullivan County, MOMO5,7382.5%
1495Hitchcock County, NENE2,4672.5%
1496Wheeler County, NENE7892.5%
1497Passaic County, NJNJ531,6242.5%
1498Currituck County, NCNC33,1582.5%
1499Tyrrell County, NCNC3,5372.5%
1500Barnes County, NDND10,5732.5%
SHOWING 1,001–1,500 OF 3,144

UPDATED 2026-08-08 · DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR ESTIMATES