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COUNTY

Norfolk County

Massachusetts · 739,749 residents (2025 est.) · 396 sq mi
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Part of the Boston metro area
The short version

With 730,082 people, Norfolk County is a county in Massachusetts. 59% of adults hold a bachelor's degree, against 36% nationally. Home values have roughly tripled since 2000, reaching $683,900. That puts it in the top 1% of US counties for household income. Median household income runs $130,739, well clear of the $82,259 US median. Renters pay $2,149 a month at the median.

At a glance
Wealthier
median household income $130,739, above the US median
US median: $82,259
Mid-age
median age 40.9
US median: 38.9
More educated
59% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 66%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Unique to this place

What stands out about Norfolk County

What changed most since 1990

  • Adults with a bachelor's degree34.4% → 58.8% (+24.3 pts)US over the same years: +15.3 pts
  • White share93.8% → 68.7% (−25.1 pts)US over the same years: −17.8 pts
  • Asian share2.9% → 12.4% (+9.5 pts)US over the same years: +3.1 pts

Among the 14 counties in Massachusetts

  • 3rd in household income$130,739
  • 2nd in share with a bachelor's degree58.8%
  • 5th in home value$683,900
  • 5th in diversity score62.5
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
730,082
+12%since 2000
from 650,308 in 2000
739,749 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
1,843 / sq mi
+12%since 2000
from 1,642 / sq mi in 2000
US average: 281
Median age
40.9
+7%since 2000
from 38.1 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
396 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
605K639K673K707K741K19902000201020202024Norfolk County
2024730K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 55.1%(37,356)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 95.5%(39,861)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146%(43,969)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.3%(46,040)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.1%(44,753)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3412.9%(94,088)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4413.5%(98,244)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5413%(95,084)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6413.8%(101,042)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7410.2%(74,383)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 845.1%(37,403)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over2.4%(17,859)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$130,739
+13%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $63,432 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$71,758
+121%since 2000
from $32,484 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
70.7%
+17.7 ptssince 2009
from 53.0% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
6.7%
+2.0 ptssince 2000
from 4.6% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.484
+3%since 2010
from 0.470 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Other services10.6%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration8.8%
US avg: 4.8%
Information8.6%
US avg: 10.8%
Retail trade6.9%
US avg: 9.9%
Wholesale trade5.1%
US avg: 6.9%
Finance & insurance3.4%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical2.7%
US avg: 5.1%
Arts, entertainment, food2.3%
US avg: 1.9%
Transportation & warehousing1.7%
US avg: 2.2%
Education & health services0.7%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.3%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.2%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$683,900
+66%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $226,700 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$2,149
+38%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $853 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
68.7%
−0.9 ptssince 2000
from 69.7% in 2000
31.3% rent
Vacancy rate
4.0%
−0.6 ptssince 2009
from 4.6% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.51 people
−1%since 2009
from 2.53 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
25.3%
−8.9 ptssince 2009
from 34.2% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
48.4%
+3.5 ptssince 2009
from 44.9% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
5.2
+1%since 2009
from 5.2 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
71
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic87.9%(571,733)
Black3.1%(20,106)
Hispanic / Latino1.8%(11,990)
Asian5.5%(35,643)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic68.7%(501,825)
Black7.1%(51,987)
Hispanic / Latino5.8%(42,383)
Asian12.4%(90,340)
Other6%(43,547)
Diversity Score
63
+69%since 2009
from 37 in 2009
1990 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Segregation Score
31
−5%since 2020
from 33 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Puerto Rican1.3%(9,363)
South American1.1%(8,004)
Dominican0.9%(6,930)
Mexican0.7%(5,412)
Central American0.7%(5,346)
Colombian0.3%(2,367)
Cuban0.3%(2,103)
Spaniard0.2%(1,673)
Salvadoran0.2%(1,572)
Peruvian0.2%(1,551)
Guatemalan0.2%(1,546)
Ecuadorian0.2%(1,304)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Venezuelan0.2%(1,170)
Costa Rican0.1%(766)
Honduran0.1%(745)
Argentine0.1%(624)
Chilean0.1%(464)
Panamanian0%(334)
Bolivian0%(227)
Nicaraguan0%(211)
Paraguayan0%(205)
Asian origin
Chinese5.8%(42,478)
Asian Indian2.6%(18,690)
Vietnamese1.5%(11,091)
Korean0.6%(4,036)
Filipino0.4%(3,110)
Japanese0.2%(1,759)
Pakistani0.2%(1,533)
Taiwanese0.2%(1,467)
Thai0.1%(838)
Cambodian0%(363)
Sri Lankan0%(355)
Nepalese0%(289)
+ 10 more asian origin groups with data
Indonesian0%(100)
Kazakh0%(97)
Laotian0%(77)
Burmese0%(73)
Malaysian0%(63)
Mongolian0%(35)
Hmong0%(19)
Uzbek0%(19)
Pacific Islander origin
Tongan0%(122)
Chamorro0%(97)
Samoan0%(33)
Ancestry
Irish24%(175,576)
Italian11.7%(85,304)
English9.2%(66,983)
German5.7%(41,528)
American3.9%(28,194)
Polish3.1%(22,708)
French2.6%(18,958)
West Indian2.5%(18,101)
Scottish2%(14,530)
French Canadian1.9%(14,145)
Russian1.8%(13,335)
Subsaharan African1.7%(12,662)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
Haitian1.5%(11,093)
Portuguese1.4%(10,301)
Arab1.3%(9,734)
Swedish1.2%(8,926)
Greek1.1%(7,771)
Brazilian0.9%(6,444)
Lebanese0.7%(5,080)
Jamaican0.6%(4,168)
Lithuanian0.6%(4,074)
Cape Verdean0.5%(3,927)
Scotch-Irish0.5%(3,882)
Ukrainian0.5%(3,582)
Norwegian0.5%(3,575)
Canadian0.5%(3,384)
British0.5%(3,332)
Nigerian0.4%(2,784)
Dutch0.4%(2,636)
Armenian0.4%(2,567)
Hungarian0.3%(2,424)
Welsh0.3%(2,094)
Romanian0.3%(1,976)
Finnish0.2%(1,691)
Iranian0.2%(1,563)
Austrian0.2%(1,462)
Danish0.2%(1,437)
Swiss0.2%(1,293)
Czech0.2%(1,223)
Turkish0.2%(1,155)
Slovak0.1%(1,069)
Syrian0.1%(973)
Bulgarian0.1%(970)
Moroccan0.1%(886)
Latvian0.1%(876)
Israeli0.1%(831)
Egyptian0.1%(819)
Barbadian0.1%(751)
Ethiopian0.1%(684)
Croatian0.1%(565)
Belgian0.1%(504)
Ghanaian0.1%(389)
Australian0.1%(368)
Kenyan0%(353)
Macedonian0%(310)
Jordanian0%(291)
Serbian0%(286)
Iraqi0%(190)
Guyanese0%(154)
Somali0%(91)
Slovene0%(52)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
58.8%
+15.8 ptssince 2000
from 42.9% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
94.4%
+3.2 ptssince 2000
from 91.3% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
28.4%
+10.5 ptssince 2000
from 17.9% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
32.5 min
+48%since 2000
from 22.0 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
57.4%
−14.2 ptssince 2009
from 71.5% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
6.0%
−0.9 ptssince 2009
from 6.9% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
8.7%
−4.2 ptssince 2009
from 12.9% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
22.8%
+18.9 ptssince 2009
from 3.9% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
3.1%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 3.5% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.5%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.5% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
9.2%
+0.5 ptssince 2009
from 8.7% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
4.9%
−1.9 ptssince 2011
from 6.9% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
69.2%
+0.1 ptssince 2011
from 69.1% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
81.6%
+2.1 ptssince 2020
from 79.5% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
14.0%
+1.3 ptssince 2009
from 12.7% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
59.7%
+10.3 ptssince 2009
from 49.4% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
48.5%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 48.1% in 2009
Female
51.5%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 51.9% in 2009
Foreign born
19.3%
+4.8 ptssince 2009
from 14.6% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
3.8%
−4.9 ptssince 2009
from 8.7% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
9.9%
+0.3 ptssince 2012
from 9.6% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
1.9%
−0.6 ptssince 2013
from 2.5% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
94.8%
+7.5 ptssince 2017
from 87.3% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
96.8%
+2.2 ptssince 2020
from 94.6% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
89.2%
+0.7 ptssince 2020
from 88.6% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
76.7%
−2.6 ptssince 2016
from 79.3% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
3.7%
+0.7 ptssince 2016
from 3.0% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married35.6%(104,007)
Married55.6%(162,481)
Widowed2.4%(6,955)
Divorced6.3%(18,534)
Women 15+
Never married32.9%(104,137)
Married50.4%(159,629)
Widowed7.5%(23,888)
Divorced9.2%(29,265)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
1.9%
−0.6 ptssince 2013
from 2.5% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
71.1%
−0.4 ptssince 2020
from 71.5% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
14.2%
−0.4 ptssince 2020
from 14.6% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
17.6%
+0.7 ptssince 2020
from 16.9% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
14.7%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 14.3% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.2%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 1.4% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
82.1%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 82.9% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
29.2%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 28.4% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)17.1%(3,764)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)14.3%(3,156)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era36%(7,947)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War7.7%(1,700)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II2.1%(470)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 22,054 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Over time

Norfolk County, decade by decade

Norfolk County population, inflation-adjusted income and home value, education, and diversity by year
YearPopulationMedian household incomeMedian home valueBachelor's degree+Diversity score
1990616,087$110,919$436,33334.4%14.8
2000650,308$115,551$412,96942.9%27.8
2010670,850$116,563$587,08147.4%42.9
2020725,981$127,652$595,11154.6%59.8
2024730,082$130,739$683,90058.8%62.5

Census years come from the decennial census and the latest year from the American Community Survey, so part of any change between those two rows can reflect the different surveys. Dollar figures are adjusted for inflation to 2024 dollars; a figure ending in "+" was at the Census Bureau's reporting cap that year. The diversity score runs from 0 to 100; see how it's calculated.

Drill deeper

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Head to head

Compare Norfolk County to nearby counties

NORFOLK COUNTY VS
Suffolk County
Income$95,631−27%
Home value$705,800+3%
Population791,891+7%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
NORFOLK COUNTY VS
Middlesex County
Income$130,847same
Home value$727,800+6%
Population1,669,979+126%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
NORFOLK COUNTY VS
Plymouth County
Income$114,201−13%
Home value$556,000−19%
Population546,829−26%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
NORFOLK COUNTY VS
Providence County
Income$78,787−40%
Home value$373,600−45%
Population678,179−8%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Norfolk County, Massachusetts?

Norfolk County, Massachusetts has about 730,082 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Norfolk County, Massachusetts?

The typical household in Norfolk County, Massachusetts earns about $130,739 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Norfolk County, Massachusetts expensive?

In Norfolk County, Massachusetts, the median home is worth about $683,900, and the typical rent is about $2,149 a month.

How educated are people in Norfolk County, Massachusetts?

About 58.8% of adults age 25 and over in Norfolk County, Massachusetts hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Norfolk County, Massachusetts?

About 6.7% of people in Norfolk County, Massachusetts live below the federal poverty line.

Has Norfolk County, Massachusetts grown since 1990?

Yes, Norfolk County, Massachusetts has grown since 1990. The population has added about 113,995 residents, a change of about 19 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →