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STATE · ADMITTED 1796

Tennessee

7,066,383 residents · 95 counties · 504 cities · 41,235 sq mi · 1,701 census tracts
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The short version

Tennessee is a state of 7,066,383 people. Growth has run 24% since 2000, or 1,377,100 more people. 6% of people here were born outside the United States. Home values have roughly tripled since 2000, reaching $286,700. 31% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher. Median household income is $69,595, under the $82,259 national median.

TN
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
7,066,383
+24%since 2000
from 5,689,283 in 2000
1990 – 2024
Population density
171 / sq mi
+15%since 2009
from 149 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
38.9
+8%since 2000
from 35.9 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
41,235 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
4.7M5.3M6.0M6.6M7.3M19902000201020202024Tennessee
20247.1M
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 55.8%(410,924)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 96.1%(427,842)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146.4%(449,752)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.4%(449,364)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.5%(458,171)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3413.8%(977,398)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4412.8%(906,506)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5412.4%(873,240)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6412.8%(907,239)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7410.3%(729,187)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 845.1%(362,263)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.6%(114,497)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$69,595
+5%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $36,360 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$39,437
+103%since 2000
from $19,393 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
46.6%
+22.2 ptssince 2009
from 24.5% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
13.8%
+0.3 ptssince 2000
from 13.5% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.476
+2%since 2010
from 0.469 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Retail trade12.5%
US avg: 9.9%
Information11.6%
US avg: 10.8%
Finance & insurance7.2%
US avg: 5.9%
Wholesale trade7.1%
US avg: 6.9%
Professional, scientific, technical6.2%
US avg: 5.1%
Other services6.1%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration4.3%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing2.2%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.6%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services1%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.9%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.7%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$286,700
+78%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $88,300 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,189
+29%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $505 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
66.9%
−3.0 ptssince 2000
from 69.9% in 2000
33.1% rent
Vacancy rate
10.2%
−1.2 ptssince 2009
from 11.3% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.45 people
−2%since 2009
from 2.49 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
18.4%
−5.6 ptssince 2009
from 24.1% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
44.3%
+1.7 ptssince 2009
from 42.6% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
4.1
+38%since 2009
from 3.0 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic79.2%(4,505,930)
Black16.3%(928,204)
Hispanic / Latino2.2%(123,838)
Asian1%(56,077)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic71%(5,018,980)
Black15.4%(1,090,494)
Hispanic / Latino7.4%(523,528)
Asian1.9%(133,337)
Other4.2%(300,044)
Diversity Score
58
+22%since 2009
from 47 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican3.8%(270,718)
Central American1.5%(108,357)
Guatemalan0.6%(44,553)
Puerto Rican0.6%(42,912)
South American0.5%(37,468)
Honduran0.5%(35,935)
Salvadoran0.3%(18,642)
Cuban0.3%(18,592)
Venezuelan0.2%(14,175)
Colombian0.1%(9,968)
Spaniard0.1%(7,491)
Dominican0.1%(6,365)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Peruvian0.1%(4,650)
Panamanian0.1%(3,917)
Nicaraguan0.1%(3,802)
Ecuadorian0%(2,991)
Argentine0%(2,361)
Costa Rican0%(1,275)
Chilean0%(1,263)
Bolivian0%(733)
Uruguayan0%(554)
Paraguayan0%(245)
Asian origin
Asian Indian0.6%(40,039)
Chinese0.3%(20,586)
Filipino0.2%(15,556)
Vietnamese0.2%(13,116)
Korean0.2%(11,118)
Laotian0.1%(7,410)
Japanese0.1%(4,647)
Burmese0.1%(4,496)
Pakistani0%(2,729)
Nepalese0%(1,961)
Cambodian0%(1,641)
Thai0%(1,469)
+ 12 more asian origin groups with data
Bangladeshi0%(1,092)
Taiwanese0%(949)
Indonesian0%(695)
Kazakh0%(593)
Hmong0%(489)
Sri Lankan0%(408)
Mongolian0%(277)
Malaysian0%(246)
Bhutanese0%(184)
Uzbek0%(28)
Mien0%(24)
Pacific Islander origin
Native Hawaiian0.1%(4,468)
Samoan0%(2,620)
Chamorro0%(1,533)
Guamanian0%(320)
Fijian0%(95)
Tongan0%(64)
Chuukese0%(10)
Ancestry
English13.3%(939,333)
American11.3%(800,586)
Irish9.3%(660,169)
German9.1%(644,915)
Italian2.3%(160,993)
Scottish2.2%(156,039)
Scotch-Irish1.7%(122,215)
French1.4%(96,845)
Subsaharan African1.1%(78,955)
Polish1%(72,112)
Dutch0.7%(51,809)
Arab0.6%(41,581)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
Welsh0.5%(36,857)
Norwegian0.5%(33,156)
Swedish0.5%(31,803)
British0.4%(25,984)
West Indian0.3%(19,009)
Russian0.2%(15,145)
French Canadian0.2%(14,638)
Greek0.2%(13,510)
Egyptian0.2%(13,507)
Hungarian0.2%(12,234)
Swiss0.2%(11,310)
Nigerian0.2%(10,801)
Ukrainian0.1%(9,851)
Czech0.1%(9,005)
Danish0.1%(8,778)
Jamaican0.1%(7,585)
Portuguese0.1%(7,454)
Canadian0.1%(7,317)
Lebanese0.1%(6,977)
Austrian0.1%(6,634)
Finnish0.1%(5,024)
Lithuanian0.1%(4,891)
Haitian0.1%(4,765)
Ethiopian0.1%(4,663)
Romanian0.1%(4,331)
Brazilian0.1%(4,184)
Iranian0.1%(3,794)
Croatian0.1%(3,641)
Slovak0.1%(3,536)
Belgian0%(3,400)
Iraqi0%(3,162)
Palestinian0%(2,744)
Somali0%(2,205)
Ghanaian0%(2,148)
Armenian0%(1,755)
Kenyan0%(1,739)
Serbian0%(1,542)
Syrian0%(1,463)
Turkish0%(1,454)
Australian0%(1,451)
Moroccan0%(1,194)
Slovene0%(1,122)
Latvian0%(1,042)
Jordanian0%(955)
Bulgarian0%(836)
Guyanese0%(692)
Israeli0%(677)
Macedonian0%(378)
Barbadian0%(324)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
31.1%
+11.5 ptssince 2000
from 19.6% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
90.0%
+14.1 ptssince 2000
from 75.9% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
11.7%
+4.9 ptssince 2000
from 6.8% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
25.7 min
+58%since 2000
from 16.3 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
75.8%
−7.3 ptssince 2009
from 83.1% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
8.4%
−1.8 ptssince 2009
from 10.2% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.4%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 0.8% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
12.9%
+9.6 ptssince 2009
from 3.2% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.2%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 1.5% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.1%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
5.2%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 6.2% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
4.7%
−4.6 ptssince 2011
from 9.2% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
62.4%
−0.3 ptssince 2011
from 62.7% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
72.3%
+1.4 ptssince 2020
from 70.9% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
12.3%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 12.3% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
39.3%
+8.0 ptssince 2009
from 31.3% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
49.1%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 48.7% in 2009
Female
50.9%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 51.3% in 2009
Foreign born
6.1%
+2.0 ptssince 2009
from 4.1% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
7.3%
−3.6 ptssince 2009
from 10.9% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
14.9%
−0.1 ptssince 2012
from 15.0% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
10.0%
−4.1 ptssince 2013
from 14.1% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
89.2%
+16.8 ptssince 2017
from 72.4% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
94.5%
+5.4 ptssince 2020
from 89.1% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
87.1%
+1.3 ptssince 2020
from 85.8% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
91.4%
−1.8 ptssince 2016
from 93.2% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
5.2%
+1.3 ptssince 2016
from 3.9% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married33.7%(946,822)
Married52.4%(1,470,973)
Widowed3.2%(90,236)
Divorced10.7%(299,122)
Women 15+
Never married28.7%(853,458)
Married48.9%(1,451,393)
Widowed9.3%(277,374)
Divorced13.1%(388,487)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
10.0%
−4.1 ptssince 2013
from 14.1% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
53.1%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 53.4% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
14.6%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 14.2% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
18.9%
+0.1 ptssince 2020
from 18.8% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
19.6%
−0.4 ptssince 2020
from 20.0% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
2.6%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 2.7% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
66.4%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 66.7% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
36.2%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 36.5% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)26.6%(106,245)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)26%(103,990)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era33.1%(132,319)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War3.4%(13,411)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II0.6%(2,275)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 399,814 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Largest cities

See all cities in Tennessee →
2.Memphis609,647
3.Knoxville202,021
4.Chattanooga194,144
5.Clarksville188,829
6.Murfreesboro171,178
7.Franklin90,226
8.Johnson City74,943
9.Jackson69,339
11.Smyrna63,321
12.Spring Hill61,336
13.Kingsport57,530
14.Bartlett56,416
15.Gallatin54,590
16.Lebanon53,412
17.Collierville51,909
18.Cleveland51,172
19.Columbia50,072
20.Brentwood45,313
21.Mount Juliet45,172
22.La Vergne42,146
23.Germantown40,001
24.Cookeville38,212
25.Oak Ridge35,395
26.Morristown33,517
27.Maryville32,442
28.Bristol28,107
29.Shelbyville26,146
30.Farragut25,121
31.East Ridge21,921
32.Tullahoma21,279
33.Springfield20,090
34.Sevierville19,010
35.White House17,872
37.Dickson17,051
38.Seymour16,216
39.Greeneville16,141
40.Dyersburg15,906
41.Nolensville15,789
42.Arlington15,703
43.Athens15,263
44.Lakeland14,422
45.Elizabethton14,350
Section 03

Metropolitan & micropolitan areas

Metropolitan areas (10)
1.Nashville2,197,416
2.Memphis1,341,412
3.Knoxville968,137
4.Chattanooga594,530
5.Clarksville349,001
6.Kingsport314,834
7.Johnson City216,416
8.Jackson184,569
9.Cleveland134,057
10.Morristown128,867
Micropolitan areas (17)
1.Cookeville152,477
2.Sevierville101,342
3.Greeneville73,831
4.Athens71,590
5.Tullahoma69,339
6.Crossville66,300
7.Shelbyville55,273
8.Lawrenceburg46,914
9.Winchester45,579
10.McMinnville43,717
11.Lewisburg38,071
12.Newport37,889
13.Fayetteville36,853
14.Dyersburg36,320
15.Martin33,261
16.Paris32,896
17.Union City30,067

Metropolitan areas are built around an urban core of 50,000 or more people; micropolitan areas around a core of 10,000 to 50,000. A statistical area can cross state lines, so each is listed under its primary state.

Frequently asked

How many people live in Tennessee?

Tennessee has about 7,066,383 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Tennessee?

The typical household in Tennessee earns about $69,595 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Tennessee expensive?

In Tennessee, the median home is worth about $286,700, and the typical rent is about $1,189 a month.

How educated are people in Tennessee?

About 31.1% of adults age 25 and over in Tennessee hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Tennessee?

About 13.8% of people in Tennessee live below the federal poverty line.

Has Tennessee grown since 1990?

Yes, Tennessee has grown since 1990. The population has added about 2,189,198 residents, a change of about 45 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →