United States › Tennessee › Columbia CITY
Columbia Tennessee · 50,072 residents (2025 est.) · 35.7 sq mi
Time machine
COMPARE TO 1990 Census 2000 Census 2009 ACS 2010 ACS 2011 ACS 2012 ACS 2013 ACS 2014 ACS 2015 ACS 2016 ACS 2017 ACS 2018 ACS 2019 ACS 2020 ACS 2021 ACS 2022 ACS 2023 ACS
The short version
With 45,441 people, Columbia is a city in Tennessee. The population is up 37% since 2000. 25% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher. The foreign-born share is 4%. The median age is 35.5, younger than the US median of 38.9. Density works out to 1,273 people per square mile.
At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 35.5
US median: 38.9
Less educated
25% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 96%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01
Population & growth from 33,055 in 2000
50,072 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1,273 / sq mi
+32%since 2009
from 961 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
from 35.7 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Population, 1990 – 2024
27K 32K 37K 42K 47K 1990 2000 2010 2020 2024 Columbia Age distribution, 2024
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02
Income & economy $63,719
−3%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $35,879 in 2000
US average: $82,259
from $18,004 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
from 17.9% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
from 13.9% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
from 0.443 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Public administration 4.9%
Professional, scientific, technical 4.4%
Arts, entertainment, food 2.5%
Transportation & warehousing 1.6%
Education & health services 0.6%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 0.1%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
$308,700
+96%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $86,400 in 2000
US average: $376,019
$1,197
+27%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $516 in 2000
US average: $1,442
from 63.5% in 2000
36.7% rent
from 9.5% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
from 2.32 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
from 23.5% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
from 46.5% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
from 3.0 in 2009
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04
Race & ethnicity 2000
White, non-Hispanic 72.8%(24,049)
Hispanic / Latino 4.7%(1,554)
2024
White, non-Hispanic 67.1%(30,492)
Hispanic / Latino 11.1%(5,040)
from 56 in 2009
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins
Detailed origins & ancestry Hispanic origin
+ 1 more hispanic origin group with data Ancestry
+ 22 more ancestry groups with data from 15.1% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
from 75.9% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
from 5.4% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06
Commute & transportation from 17.0 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
from 81.1% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
from 14.4% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
from 2.4% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
from 0.7% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
from 6.6% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07
Work & employment from 8.1% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
from 63.1% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
from 69.8% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
from 12.0% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
from 26.3% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08
People & community from 4.8% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
from 10.3% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
from 17.4% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
from 18.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
from 73.1% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
from 92.0% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
from 86.8% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
from 91.9% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
from 6.5% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married 36.9%(6,106)
Women 15+
Never married 31.2%(6,057)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09
Health coverage from 18.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
from 51.3% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
from 13.3% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
from 16.2% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
from 23.8% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
from 2.1% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
from 63.2% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
from 37.7% in 2020
US average: 36.7%
Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.
Section 09 · Service history
Veterans Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later) 34.7%(725)
Gulf War (1990s) 17.3%(362)
Share of the 2,091 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Drill deeper
Places similar to Columbia Head to head
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COLUMBIA VS
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COLUMBIA VS
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Frequently asked
How many people live in Columbia, Tennessee? Columbia, Tennessee has about 45,441 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.
What is the median household income in Columbia, Tennessee? The typical household in Columbia, Tennessee earns about $63,719 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.
Is Columbia, Tennessee expensive? In Columbia, Tennessee, the median home is worth about $308,700, and the typical rent is about $1,197 a month.
How educated are people in Columbia, Tennessee? About 25.4% of adults age 25 and over in Columbia, Tennessee hold a bachelor's degree or higher.
What is the poverty rate in Columbia, Tennessee? About 14.2% of people in Columbia, Tennessee live below the federal poverty line.
Has Columbia, Tennessee grown since 1990? Yes, Columbia, Tennessee has grown since 1990. The population has added about 16,858 residents, a change of about 59 percent over that period.
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