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METRO AREA · 2010 ACS

San Francisco Metro

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA · 5 counties · 4,335,391 residents · 2,470 sq mi
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The short version

San Francisco is home to 4,335,391 people. Home values have more than doubled since 2000, reaching $664,922. 43% of adults hold a bachelor's degree, against 28% nationally. 30% of people across the metro were born outside the United States. Renters pay $1,296 a month at the median. Owners hold 55% of the housing stock.

At a glance
Wealthier
above the US median
US median: $52,703
Mid-age
median age 38.3
US median: 37.2
More educated
43% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 28%
Less affordable
home values up 51%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $225,659
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
4,335,391
+5%since 2000
from 4,123,740 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
1,755 / sq mi
+5%since 2000
from 1,670 / sq mi in 2000
Median age
38.3
+6%since 2000
from 36.1 in 2000
US average: 37.2
Land area
2,470 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
3.6M3.9M4.2M4.5M4.9M19902000201020202024San Francisco
20244.6M
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2010
Under 56%(260,165)
US avg: 6.5%
5 to 95.9%(255,503)
US avg: 6.6%
10 to 145.7%(248,517)
US avg: 6.7%
15 to 196.1%(262,813)
US avg: 7.1%
20 to 246.4%(278,016)
US avg: 7%
25 to 3415%(650,137)
US avg: 13.3%
35 to 4415.1%(654,401)
US avg: 13.3%
45 to 5415%(651,228)
US avg: 14.6%
55 to 6412.2%(528,131)
US avg: 11.8%
65 to 746.7%(288,674)
US avg: 7%
75 to 844%(174,350)
US avg: 4.2%
85 and over1.9%(83,456)
US avg: 1.8%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$75,771
−2%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $61,059 in 2000
US average: $52,703
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$39,853
+25%since 2000
from $31,771 in 2000
US average: $27,286
Households earning $100K+
50.4%
+0.5 ptssince 2009
from 49.9% in 2009
US average: 33.3%
Poverty rate
9.9%
+0.8 ptssince 2000
from 9.1% in 2000
US average: 13.8%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.469
US average: 0.461
Workforce by industry, 2010
Information10.2%
US avg: 11.5%
Other services8.7%
US avg: 7%
Retail trade8.3%
US avg: 10.9%
Wholesale trade6.2%
US avg: 7.2%
Public administration6%
US avg: 4.9%
Finance & insurance5%
US avg: 5.1%
Professional, scientific, technical4.2%
US avg: 4.2%
Arts, entertainment, food3.6%
US avg: 2.4%
Transportation & warehousing2.9%
US avg: 3.1%
Education & health services0.7%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.4%
US avg: 1.9%
Construction0.4%
US avg: 1.4%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.5%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$664,922
+51%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $346,943 in 2000
US average: $225,659
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,296
+8%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $946 in 2000
US average: $853
Owner-occupied
55.0%
−1.1 ptssince 2000
from 56.0% in 2000
45.0% rent
Vacancy rate
7.6%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 7.3% in 2009
US average: 12.1%
Persons per household
2.63 people
−1%since 2009
from 2.66 people in 2009
US average: 2.60
Owner cost-burdened
42.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 42.5% in 2009
US average: 30.9%
Renter cost-burdened
48.4%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 47.8% in 2009
US average: 46.8%
Afford Score
8.8
−3%since 2009
from 9.1 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic49.1%(2,026,022)
Black9.4%(387,490)
Hispanic / Latino17.8%(733,249)
Asian19%(784,918)
Other0%
2010
White, non-Hispanic42.4%(1,840,372)
Black8.1%(349,895)
Hispanic / Latino21.7%(938,794)
Asian22.9%(994,616)
Other4.4%(191,547)

No data for the years selected.

Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican14.4%(609,908)
Central American3.4%(146,303)
Salvadoran1.7%(72,106)
South American0.9%(39,451)
Guatemalan0.7%(31,217)
Nicaraguan0.7%(28,615)
Puerto Rican0.6%(25,344)
Peruvian0.4%(16,663)
Spaniard0.4%(15,223)
Cuban0.2%(7,175)
Honduran0.2%(6,723)
Colombian0.1%(6,049)
+ 10 more hispanic origin groups with data
Argentine0.1%(4,529)
Chilean0.1%(3,958)
Costa Rican0.1%(2,902)
Ecuadorian0.1%(2,591)
Bolivian0.1%(2,209)
Panamanian0%(1,884)
Venezuelan0%(1,660)
Dominican0%(1,105)
Uruguayan0%(279)
Paraguayan0%(168)
Ancestry
German9.4%(400,616)
Irish8.5%(359,352)
English7.1%(302,109)
Italian5.4%(228,392)
French2.3%(98,716)
Scottish1.8%(75,714)
Russian1.8%(75,587)
Portuguese1.6%(69,079)
American1.6%(68,720)
Polish1.6%(68,036)
Swedish1.4%(59,966)
Scotch-Irish1.3%(54,159)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
Norwegian1.1%(48,811)
Dutch1%(44,341)
Arab0.8%(34,428)
Danish0.6%(27,451)
British0.6%(26,929)
Greek0.6%(23,554)
Iranian0.5%(22,548)
Welsh0.5%(22,541)
Swiss0.4%(17,146)
Hungarian0.4%(16,417)
Ukrainian0.3%(14,197)
Austrian0.3%(13,449)
Czech0.3%(12,913)
French Canadian0.3%(12,788)
Canadian0.2%(10,545)
Armenian0.2%(10,323)
Lithuanian0.2%(8,328)
Romanian0.2%(8,094)
Finnish0.2%(8,021)
Croatian0.2%(7,944)
Brazilian0.2%(7,827)
West Indian0.2%(7,810)
Lebanese0.1%(6,210)
Ethiopian0.1%(5,828)
Palestinian0.1%(5,709)
Nigerian0.1%(4,786)
Belgian0.1%(4,283)
Turkish0.1%(3,989)
Slovak0.1%(3,842)
Egyptian0.1%(3,781)
Jamaican0.1%(3,635)
Australian0.1%(3,166)
Israeli0.1%(2,437)
Latvian0.1%(2,201)
Jordanian0%(2,015)
Bulgarian0%(1,835)
Serbian0%(1,638)
Slovene0%(1,376)
Syrian0%(1,198)
Moroccan0%(1,180)
Iraqi0%(1,118)
Kenyan0%(1,067)
Haitian0%(736)
Ghanaian0%(453)
Macedonian0%(412)
Guyanese0%(357)
Somali0%(295)
Barbadian0%(172)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
43.2%
+4.7 ptssince 2000
from 38.5% in 2000
US average: 27.9%
High school or higher
87.2%
+3.0 ptssince 2000
from 84.2% in 2000
US average: 84.9%
Graduate degree
16.8%
+2.4 ptssince 2000
from 14.4% in 2000
US average: 10.2%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
28.7 min
+26%since 2000
from 22.9 min in 2000
US average: 25.2
Drive alone to work
62.7%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 62.9% in 2009
US average: 76.2%
Carpooled to work
10.5%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 10.5% in 2009
US average: 10.4%
Public transit
14.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 14.1% in 2009
US average: 4.7%
Worked from home
5.7%
+0.2 ptssince 2009
from 5.5% in 2009
US average: 4.1%
Walked to work
4.1%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 4.1% in 2009
US average: 2.8%
Biked to work
1.5%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 1.4% in 2009
US average: 0.5%
No vehicle available
11.6%
+0.2 ptssince 2009
from 11.4% in 2009
US average: 8.7%
Section 07

Work & employment

Self-employed
13.0%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 12.9% in 2009
US average: 12.9%
Management & professional
44.9%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 44.5% in 2009
US average: 35.2%
Section 08

People & community

Male
49.3%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 49.7% in 2009
Female
50.7%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 50.3% in 2009
Foreign born
29.8%
+0.7 ptssince 2009
from 29.1% in 2009
US average: 12.8%
Veterans
6.7%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 6.9% in 2009
US average: 9.9%
Marital status (2024)
Men 15+
Never married39.8%(771,816)
Married51.5%(999,844)
Widowed2.1%(39,967)
Divorced6.6%(128,810)
Women 15+
Never married34.1%(673,501)
Married48.9%(964,373)
Widowed7.2%(142,037)
Divorced9.8%(193,652)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Showing 2024 (the nearest year with coverage data).

Uninsured
4.0%
−7.6 ptssince 2013
from 11.6% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
64.1%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 64.2% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
13.8%
−0.5 ptssince 2020
from 14.3% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
17.1%
+1.3 ptssince 2020
from 15.8% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
18.7%
+1.1 ptssince 2020
from 17.6% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.0%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 1.1% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
75.1%
−1.0 ptssince 2020
from 76.0% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
32.2%
+1.8 ptssince 2020
from 30.4% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)21.2%(25,694)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)17%(20,576)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era34.9%(42,287)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War6.9%(8,332)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II1.5%(1,761)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 121,131 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
In this metro

Largest cities

San FranciscoCENTRAL826,079OaklandCENTRAL440,838FremontCENTRAL226,442Hayward157,113Concord123,261BerkeleyCENTRAL121,911Antioch118,958Richmond114,861San MateoCENTRAL103,337Daly City101,261San RamonCENTRAL86,209San Leandro85,353LivermoreCENTRAL83,457Redwood CityCENTRAL82,178Pittsburg77,542Alameda76,876PleasantonCENTRAL74,556Dublin71,602Walnut CreekCENTRAL70,012Brentwood66,607Union City65,282Castro Valley65,001South San FranciscoCENTRAL64,941San RafaelCENTRAL59,410Novato51,947Newark47,895Oakley47,583Danville43,302San Bruno42,305Pacifica36,890

The 30 most populous of 138 cities and towns in this metro. CENTRAL marks the metro's principal cities.

What's inside

5 component counties

Alameda CountyCENTRAL1,636,630Contra Costa County1,170,070San Francisco CountyCENTRAL826,079San Mateo CountyCENTRAL743,568Marin CountyCENTRAL253,694
Drill deeper

Metros similar to San Francisco

Boston
Pop 5,034,221
Seattle
Pop 4,161,883
Washington
Pop 6,465,724
Riverside
Pop 4,769,007
Places similar to San Francisco
Head to head

Compare San Francisco side by side

SAN FRANCISCO VS
Boston
Income$116,759+54%
Home value$656,837−1%
Population5,034,221+9%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SAN FRANCISCO VS
Seattle
Income$116,172+53%
Home value$749,490+13%
Population4,161,883−10%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SAN FRANCISCO VS
Washington
Income$130,074+72%
Home value$613,108−8%
Population6,465,724+40%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SAN FRANCISCO VS
Riverside
Income$89,505+18%
Home value$532,724−20%
Population4,769,007+3%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA?

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA has about 4,335,391 residents according to the 2010 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA?

The typical household in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA earns about $75,771 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA expensive?

In San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA, the median home is worth about $664,922, and the typical rent is about $1,296 a month.

How educated are people in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA?

About 43.2% of adults age 25 and over in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA?

About 9.9% of people in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA live below the federal poverty line.

Has San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA grown since 1990?

Yes, San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA has grown since 1990. The population has added about 648,799 residents, a change of about 18 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · METRO ROLLUP OF COMPONENT COUNTIES · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →