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CITY · INCORPORATED 1852 · 2010 ACS

Oakland

California · 390,724 residents · 56.0 sq mi
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The short version

Oakland is home to 390,724 people in California. Home values have more than doubled since 2000, reaching $528,600. Owners hold 41% of the housing stock. 28% of locals were born outside the United States. 36% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher. That trails the California median by roughly 18%.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $52,703
Mid-age
median age 36.2
US median: 37.2
More educated
36% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 28%
Less affordable
home values up 84%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $225,659
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
390,724
−2%since 2000
from 399,484 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Median age
36.2
+9%since 2000
from 33.3 in 2000
US average: 37.2
Land area
56.0 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
365K386K406K427K447K19902000201020202024Oakland
2024439K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2010
Under 56.7%(26,099)
US avg: 6.5%
5 to 95.9%(22,994)
US avg: 6.6%
10 to 145.3%(20,825)
US avg: 6.7%
15 to 195.7%(22,456)
US avg: 7.1%
20 to 246.9%(27,018)
US avg: 7%
25 to 3417.4%(67,999)
US avg: 13.3%
35 to 4415.6%(61,140)
US avg: 13.3%
45 to 5413.6%(52,953)
US avg: 14.6%
55 to 6411.7%(45,681)
US avg: 11.8%
65 to 745.9%(23,233)
US avg: 7%
75 to 843.4%(13,475)
US avg: 4.2%
85 and over1.8%(6,851)
US avg: 1.8%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$49,721
−2%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $40,055 in 2000
US average: $52,703
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$30,671
+40%since 2000
from $21,936 in 2000
US average: $27,286
Households earning $100K+
33.6%
−0.2 ptssince 2009
from 33.8% in 2009
US average: 33.3%
Poverty rate
18.7%
−0.7 ptssince 2000
from 19.4% in 2000
US average: 13.8%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.509
US average: 0.461
Workforce by industry, 2010
Information9.3%
US avg: 11.5%
Wholesale trade7.3%
US avg: 7.2%
Other services6.4%
US avg: 7%
Retail trade6.3%
US avg: 10.9%
Finance & insurance5.2%
US avg: 5.1%
Professional, scientific, technical4.7%
US avg: 4.2%
Public administration3.9%
US avg: 4.9%
Arts, entertainment, food3.3%
US avg: 2.4%
Transportation & warehousing2.4%
US avg: 3.1%
Education & health services0.5%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.3%
US avg: 1.9%
Construction0.3%
US avg: 1.4%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.5%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$528,600
+84%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $227,300 in 2000
US average: $225,659
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,000
+13%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $696 in 2000
US average: $853
Owner-occupied
41.1%
−0.4 ptssince 2000
from 41.4% in 2000
58.9% rent
Vacancy rate
10.9%
+1.0 ptssince 2009
from 10.0% in 2009
US average: 12.1%
Persons per household
2.47 people
−2%since 2009
from 2.51 people in 2009
US average: 2.60
Owner cost-burdened
48.5%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 48.1% in 2009
US average: 30.9%
Renter cost-burdened
52.8%
+0.5 ptssince 2009
from 52.4% in 2009
US average: 46.8%
Afford Score
10.6
−2%since 2009
from 10.8 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic23.5%(93,953)
Black35.1%(140,139)
Hispanic / Latino21.9%(87,467)
Asian15.1%(60,393)
Other0%
2010
White, non-Hispanic25.9%(101,308)
Black27.3%(106,637)
Hispanic / Latino25.4%(99,068)
Asian16.7%(65,127)
Other4.8%(18,942)

No data for the years selected.

Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican19.4%(75,137)
Central American3.5%(13,469)
Salvadoran1.6%(6,005)
Guatemalan1.1%(4,187)
South American0.7%(2,644)
Puerto Rican0.5%(1,925)
Nicaraguan0.4%(1,365)
Honduran0.3%(1,343)
Spaniard0.2%(776)
Peruvian0.2%(699)
Cuban0.2%(657)
Argentine0.1%(472)
+ 9 more hispanic origin groups with data
Colombian0.1%(452)
Chilean0.1%(403)
Dominican0.1%(257)
Ecuadorian0.1%(216)
Panamanian0.1%(209)
Bolivian0.1%(196)
Venezuelan0%(111)
Uruguayan0%(19)
Ancestry
German5.4%(21,071)
Irish4.9%(18,855)
English4.1%(15,955)
Italian2.7%(10,620)
French1.4%(5,368)
Russian1.4%(5,358)
Scottish1.1%(4,325)
Polish1.1%(4,296)
American1%(3,822)
Swedish0.9%(3,653)
Scotch-Irish0.8%(3,269)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
Arab0.7%(2,625)
Norwegian0.7%(2,538)
Portuguese0.6%(2,237)
Dutch0.6%(2,131)
Ethiopian0.5%(1,983)
British0.5%(1,790)
West Indian0.4%(1,698)
Welsh0.3%(1,353)
Greek0.3%(1,246)
Danish0.3%(1,221)
Iranian0.3%(1,056)
French Canadian0.3%(1,004)
Hungarian0.2%(939)
Swiss0.2%(856)
Austrian0.2%(843)
Jamaican0.2%(705)
Czech0.2%(703)
Lithuanian0.2%(701)
Ukrainian0.1%(579)
Turkish0.1%(575)
Canadian0.1%(558)
Nigerian0.1%(542)
Finnish0.1%(514)
Romanian0.1%(466)
Croatian0.1%(455)
Belgian0.1%(370)
Armenian0.1%(359)
Slovak0.1%(359)
Brazilian0.1%(347)
Lebanese0.1%(237)
Israeli0.1%(235)
Australian0.1%(216)
Latvian0.1%(201)
Kenyan0%(115)
Guyanese0%(106)
Somali0%(105)
Haitian0%(102)
Serbian0%(99)
Ghanaian0%(79)
Moroccan0%(78)
Slovene0%(66)
Egyptian0%(65)
Bulgarian0%(61)
Iraqi0%(42)
Syrian0%(31)
Jordanian0%(21)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
36.3%
+5.4 ptssince 2000
from 30.9% in 2000
US average: 27.9%
High school or higher
78.9%
+4.9 ptssince 2000
from 73.9% in 2000
US average: 84.9%
Graduate degree
15.7%
+2.8 ptssince 2000
from 12.9% in 2000
US average: 10.2%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
27.5 min
+24%since 2000
from 22.2 min in 2000
US average: 25.2
Drive alone to work
57.2%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 57.6% in 2009
US average: 76.2%
Carpooled to work
10.7%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 10.8% in 2009
US average: 10.4%
Public transit
16.7%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 17.0% in 2009
US average: 4.7%
Worked from home
6.9%
+1.0 ptssince 2009
from 5.9% in 2009
US average: 4.1%
Walked to work
4.4%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 4.3% in 2009
US average: 2.8%
Biked to work
1.9%
−0.2 ptssince 2009
from 2.1% in 2009
US average: 0.5%
No vehicle available
17.8%
+1.1 ptssince 2009
from 16.7% in 2009
US average: 8.7%
Section 07

Work & employment

Self-employed
15.6%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 15.2% in 2009
US average: 12.9%
Management & professional
41.3%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 41.5% in 2009
US average: 35.2%
Section 08

People & community

Male
48.4%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 48.3% in 2009
Female
51.6%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 51.7% in 2009
Foreign born
28.4%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 28.1% in 2009
US average: 12.8%
Veterans
5.8%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 6.0% in 2009
US average: 9.9%
Marital status (2024)
Men 15+
Never married47.8%(87,376)
Married42.8%(78,179)
Widowed1.9%(3,529)
Divorced7.5%(13,676)
Women 15+
Never married44.3%(83,237)
Married39.6%(74,513)
Widowed6.4%(12,089)
Divorced9.7%(18,246)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Showing 2024 (the nearest year with coverage data).

Uninsured
5.6%
−11.7 ptssince 2013
from 17.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
56.4%
+2.2 ptssince 2020
from 54.2% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
11.3%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 12.1% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
15.3%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 14.5% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
27.4%
+0.2 ptssince 2020
from 27.2% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.0%
Unchangedsince 2020
from 1.0% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
65.4%
+0.9 ptssince 2020
from 64.5% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
38.3%
+1.0 ptssince 2020
from 37.3% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)24.4%(2,487)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)19.6%(1,998)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era32%(3,262)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War5.3%(539)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II1.2%(124)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 10,186 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Explore

Neighborhoods in Oakland

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Places similar to Oakland

Virginia Beach
Pop 453,737
Long Beach
Pop 450,469
Aurora
Pop 410,053
Anaheim
Pop 341,008
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Head to head

Compare Oakland to nearby cities

OAKLAND VS
Alameda
Income$137,697+177%
Home value$1,235,700+134%
Population76,876−83%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
OAKLAND VS
Piedmont
Income$250,001+403%
Home value$2,000,001+278%
Population10,642−98%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
OAKLAND VS
San Leandro
Income$101,420+104%
Home value$844,200+60%
Population85,353−81%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
OAKLAND VS
Emeryville
Income$117,092+135%
Home value$604,800+14%
Population13,251−97%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Oakland, California?

Oakland, California has about 390,724 residents according to the 2010 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Oakland, California?

The typical household in Oakland, California earns about $49,721 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Oakland, California expensive?

In Oakland, California, the median home is worth about $528,600, and the typical rent is about $1,000 a month.

How educated are people in Oakland, California?

About 36.3% of adults age 25 and over in Oakland, California hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Oakland, California?

About 18.7% of people in Oakland, California live below the federal poverty line.

Has Oakland, California grown since 1990?

Yes, Oakland, California has grown since 1990. The population has added about 18,482 residents, a change of about 5 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →