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CITY · INCORPORATED 1885

Fresno

California · 555,549 residents (2025 est.) · 116 sq mi
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Part of the Fresno metro area
The short version

Fresno is a city of 545,970 people in California. This skews young, with a median age of 32.8. Owners hold 50% of the housing stock. There are 4,714 people per square mile. About 25% of adults have finished a four-year degree. Households here earn about 28% less than in California as a whole.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 32.8
US median: 38.9
Less educated
25% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 117%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
545,970
+28%since 2000
from 427,652 in 2000
555,549 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
4,714 / sq mi
+17%since 2009
from 4,033 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
32.8
+15%since 2000
from 28.5 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
116 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
335K393K450K508K565K19902000201020202024Fresno
2024546K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 57.2%(39,264)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 97.7%(41,842)
US avg: 6%
10 to 148.2%(44,879)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 197.2%(39,158)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 247.1%(38,943)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3416.3%(89,127)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4413.5%(73,834)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5410.7%(58,242)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 649.7%(53,169)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 747.4%(40,478)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 843.5%(19,251)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.4%(7,783)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$70,991
+21%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $32,236 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$32,519
+117%since 2000
from $15,010 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
47.4%
+21.3 ptssince 2009
from 26.1% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
20.1%
−6.1 ptssince 2000
from 26.2% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.482
+3%since 2010
from 0.468 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Information10.2%
US avg: 10.8%
Finance & insurance7.6%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical6.7%
US avg: 5.1%
Retail trade6.3%
US avg: 9.9%
Wholesale trade6%
US avg: 6.9%
Other services4.6%
US avg: 6.7%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing4.1%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction4.1%
US avg: 1.2%
Public administration3.2%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing2.4%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.4%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services0.9%
US avg: 0.9%
Manufacturing0.1%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$374,800
+117%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $94,900 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,421
+45%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $538 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
50.1%
−0.5 ptssince 2000
from 50.6% in 2000
49.9% rent
Vacancy rate
4.6%
−2.5 ptssince 2009
from 7.1% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.97 people
−2%since 2009
from 3.02 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
27.5%
−12.0 ptssince 2009
from 39.4% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
55.1%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 55.0% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
5.3
−11%since 2009
from 6.0 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
53
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic37.3%(159,473)
Black8%(34,357)
Hispanic / Latino39.9%(170,520)
Asian11%(47,136)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic23.8%(129,967)
Black6.5%(35,606)
Hispanic / Latino50.9%(277,910)
Asian14.2%(77,355)
Other4.6%(25,132)
Diversity Score
82
−2%since 2009
from 84 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican47.1%(257,138)
Central American1.3%(7,324)
Salvadoran0.8%(4,107)
South American0.4%(2,315)
Spaniard0.4%(2,184)
Puerto Rican0.4%(2,023)
Guatemalan0.4%(1,916)
Colombian0.1%(674)
Nicaraguan0.1%(631)
Peruvian0.1%(615)
Honduran0.1%(461)
Cuban0.1%(426)
+ 9 more hispanic origin groups with data
Chilean0.1%(307)
Bolivian0%(242)
Argentine0%(182)
Ecuadorian0%(151)
Uruguayan0%(69)
Dominican0%(63)
Asian origin
Hmong5%(27,171)
Asian Indian3.2%(17,372)
Filipino1.7%(9,096)
Laotian0.8%(4,446)
Cambodian0.8%(4,249)
Chinese0.7%(3,880)
Vietnamese0.5%(2,758)
Japanese0.3%(1,747)
Korean0.3%(1,390)
Pakistani0.1%(713)
Thai0.1%(398)
Burmese0%(216)
+ 7 more asian origin groups with data
Mien0%(213)
Kazakh0%(198)
Nepalese0%(172)
Taiwanese0%(143)
Uzbek0%(29)
Pacific Islander origin
Samoan0.2%(997)
Chamorro0.1%(425)
Fijian0.1%(328)
Tongan0%(33)
Guamanian0%(16)
Ancestry
German6.1%(33,070)
Irish4.2%(22,871)
English4.1%(22,214)
Italian2.4%(13,135)
American1.6%(8,603)
Armenian1.2%(6,792)
Portuguese0.9%(5,129)
Scottish0.9%(4,901)
Arab0.9%(4,693)
French0.7%(3,733)
Dutch0.6%(3,363)
+ 49 more ancestry groups with data
Swedish0.5%(2,785)
Norwegian0.5%(2,516)
Scotch-Irish0.4%(2,280)
Polish0.3%(1,908)
Danish0.3%(1,653)
Russian0.3%(1,566)
British0.2%(1,196)
Greek0.2%(1,189)
Nigerian0.2%(1,072)
Welsh0.2%(1,005)
Czech0.2%(824)
Iranian0.1%(770)
Lebanese0.1%(708)
Syrian0.1%(684)
Swiss0.1%(666)
Canadian0.1%(642)
West Indian0.1%(586)
Ukrainian0.1%(511)
Romanian0.1%(498)
Hungarian0.1%(489)
Jamaican0.1%(373)
Finnish0.1%(368)
Croatian0.1%(342)
Palestinian0.1%(316)
Serbian0.1%(289)
Egyptian0.1%(287)
Lithuanian0%(203)
Austrian0%(191)
Ethiopian0%(181)
Belgian0%(169)
Iraqi0%(146)
Somali0%(134)
Latvian0%(128)
Turkish0%(124)
Jordanian0%(89)
Slovene0%(82)
Brazilian0%(79)
Israeli0%(79)
Kenyan0%(77)
Haitian0%(62)
Moroccan0%(31)
Guyanese0%(29)
Slovak0%(21)
Bulgarian0%(18)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
25.5%
+6.5 ptssince 2000
from 19.0% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
80.4%
+11.4 ptssince 2000
from 69.1% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
8.6%
+2.5 ptssince 2000
from 6.1% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
22.4 min
+65%since 2000
from 13.6 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
72.1%
−5.1 ptssince 2009
from 77.2% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
11.5%
−1.3 ptssince 2009
from 12.8% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
1.2%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 2.2% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
10.9%
+7.7 ptssince 2009
from 3.3% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.5%
−0.5 ptssince 2009
from 2.0% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.4%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 0.7% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
8.2%
−2.7 ptssince 2009
from 10.9% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
8.9%
−5.1 ptssince 2011
from 14.0% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
63.0%
−0.3 ptssince 2011
from 63.3% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
71.7%
+3.1 ptssince 2020
from 68.6% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
17.7%
+2.3 ptssince 2009
from 15.4% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
35.3%
+6.1 ptssince 2009
from 29.3% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
50.2%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 49.8% in 2009
Female
49.8%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 50.2% in 2009
Foreign born
19.3%
−1.4 ptssince 2009
from 20.7% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
4.4%
−2.7 ptssince 2009
from 7.1% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
14.4%
+2.1 ptssince 2012
from 12.3% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
6.1%
−13.5 ptssince 2013
from 19.6% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
88.7%
+13.1 ptssince 2017
from 75.6% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
94.8%
+3.4 ptssince 2020
from 91.4% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
88.3%
+3.3 ptssince 2020
from 84.9% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
57.3%
+0.1 ptssince 2016
from 57.2% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
29.2%
−0.1 ptssince 2016
from 29.3% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married46.2%(96,438)
Married44%(91,772)
Widowed1.9%(4,005)
Divorced7.9%(16,454)
Women 15+
Never married39.6%(83,685)
Married42.7%(90,267)
Widowed7.5%(15,748)
Divorced10.2%(21,616)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
6.1%
−13.5 ptssince 2013
from 19.6% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
44.2%
+1.7 ptssince 2020
from 42.5% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
11.6%
+1.4 ptssince 2020
from 10.2% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
13.3%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 12.9% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
41.4%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 42.2% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.8%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 1.9% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
54.3%
+2.8 ptssince 2020
from 51.5% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
50.6%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 51.4% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)29.8%(5,219)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)21%(3,682)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era29.2%(5,119)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War4.3%(744)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II2.1%(373)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 17,505 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Explore

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Head to head

Compare Fresno to nearby cities

FRESNO VS
Clovis
Income$99,241+40%
Home value$482,700+29%
Population129,347−77%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
FRESNO VS
Sanger
Income$77,500+9%
Home value$364,800−3%
Population27,228−95%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
FRESNO VS
Kerman
Income$59,799−16%
Home value$370,900−1%
Population17,553−97%
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FRESNO VS
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Income$60,241−15%
Home value$315,300−16%
Population24,702−96%
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Frequently asked

How many people live in Fresno, California?

Fresno, California has about 545,970 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Fresno, California?

The typical household in Fresno, California earns about $70,991 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Fresno, California expensive?

In Fresno, California, the median home is worth about $374,800, and the typical rent is about $1,421 a month.

How educated are people in Fresno, California?

About 25.5% of adults age 25 and over in Fresno, California hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Fresno, California?

About 20.1% of people in Fresno, California live below the federal poverty line.

Has Fresno, California grown since 1990?

Yes, Fresno, California has grown since 1990. The population has added about 191,768 residents, a change of about 54 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →

Fresno, California: demographics, income & housing data · CensusEasy