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CITY · 1990 CENSUS

Cleveland

Ohio · 505,616 residents · 77.7 sq mi
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The short version

With 505,616 people, Cleveland is a city in Ohio. The poverty rate is 28.7%, above the 13.2% national rate. Owners hold 48% of the housing stock. That trails the Ohio median by roughly 38%. 8% of adults hold a bachelor's degree, below the 20% national rate. Median home value sits at $40,400.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $30,130
Mid-age
median age 32.0
US median: 33.0
Less educated
8% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 20%
More affordable
home values down 25%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $93,722
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
505,616
+6%vs 2000
vs 478,403 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Median age
32.0
−3%vs 2000
vs 33.0 in 2000
US average: 33.0
Land area
77.7 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
352K394K436K478K520K19902000201020202024Cleveland
2024366K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 1990
Under 58.7%(44,137)
US avg: 7.3%
5 to 97.6%(38,528)
US avg: 7.3%
10 to 146.8%(34,381)
US avg: 6.9%
15 to 196.7%(34,093)
US avg: 7.1%
20 to 247.5%(37,804)
US avg: 7.5%
25 to 3418.1%(91,424)
US avg: 17.5%
35 to 4412.6%(63,808)
US avg: 15.1%
45 to 548.9%(45,239)
US avg: 10.2%
55 to 649.1%(45,785)
US avg: 8.5%
65 to 748.2%(41,319)
US avg: 7.3%
75 to 844.5%(22,609)
US avg: 4%
85 and over1.3%(6,489)
US avg: 1.2%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$17,822
−9%inflation adjusted, since 2000
vs $25,928 in 2000
US average: $30,130
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$9,258
−35%vs 2000
vs $14,291 in 2000
US average: $14,340
Poverty rate
28.7%
+2.4 ptsvs 2000
vs 26.3% in 2000
US average: 13.2%
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$40,400
−25%inflation adjusted, since 2000
vs $71,100 in 2000
US average: $93,722
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$322
−9%inflation adjusted, since 2000
vs $465 in 2000
US average: $450
Owner-occupied
47.9%
−0.6 ptsvs 2000
vs 48.5% in 2000
52.1% rent
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic38.8%(185,641)
Black50.5%(241,512)
Hispanic / Latino7.3%(34,728)
Asian1.3%(6,284)
Other0%
1990
White, non-Hispanic49.6%(250,727)
Black46.5%(235,053)
Hispanic / Latino4.4%(22,330)
Asian1%(4,885)
Other3%(14,951)

No data for the years selected.

Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Detailed origin tables are available for 2024; showing 2024 data.

Hispanic origin
Puerto Rican8.7%(31,854)
Mexican1.8%(6,515)
Dominican0.6%(2,096)
South American0.5%(1,671)
Guatemalan0.4%(1,387)
Honduran0.3%(1,000)
Salvadoran0.2%(912)
Colombian0.2%(817)
Cuban0.2%(731)
Ecuadorian0.1%(303)
Spaniard0.1%(294)
+ 8 more hispanic origin groups with data
Peruvian0.1%(284)
Panamanian0%(140)
Argentine0%(125)
Chilean0%(101)
Asian origin
Asian Indian0.7%(2,496)
Chinese0.7%(2,483)
Filipino0.2%(735)
Vietnamese0.2%(720)
Nepalese0.2%(570)
Korean0.2%(551)
Pakistani0.1%(409)
Cambodian0.1%(376)
Kazakh0.1%(358)
Japanese0%(166)
Taiwanese0%(157)
Bhutanese0%(114)
+ 9 more asian origin groups with data
Burmese0%(65)
Laotian0%(41)
Thai0%(37)
Malaysian0%(26)
Mongolian0%(12)
Pacific Islander origin
Samoan0%(64)
Chamorro0%(50)
Ancestry
German9.5%(34,861)
Irish8.5%(31,026)
Italian4.4%(16,154)
English3.7%(13,448)
Polish3.5%(12,656)
American2.2%(7,913)
Hungarian1.4%(5,017)
Arab1.3%(4,678)
Slovak1%(3,635)
French0.8%(2,887)
Scottish0.8%(2,816)
+ 51 more ancestry groups with data
Slovene0.7%(2,414)
West Indian0.6%(2,355)
Czech0.5%(1,859)
Dutch0.4%(1,595)
Scotch-Irish0.4%(1,471)
Russian0.4%(1,462)
Nigerian0.4%(1,390)
Ukrainian0.4%(1,316)
Palestinian0.4%(1,302)
Romanian0.3%(1,250)
Lebanese0.3%(1,239)
Jamaican0.3%(1,233)
Croatian0.3%(1,218)
Welsh0.3%(1,120)
Greek0.3%(1,109)
Swedish0.2%(911)
British0.2%(783)
Norwegian0.2%(627)
Swiss0.2%(581)
Lithuanian0.2%(551)
Ghanaian0.1%(475)
Syrian0.1%(457)
Austrian0.1%(443)
Moroccan0.1%(390)
Finnish0.1%(354)
Serbian0.1%(352)
Jordanian0.1%(313)
Haitian0.1%(306)
Israeli0.1%(283)
Danish0.1%(268)
Ethiopian0.1%(260)
Guyanese0.1%(207)
Iraqi0.1%(197)
Kenyan0.1%(195)
Canadian0.1%(186)
Portuguese0.1%(186)
Armenian0%(161)
Brazilian0%(157)
Egyptian0%(137)
Turkish0%(127)
Iranian0%(126)
Somali0%(88)
Latvian0%(60)
Belgian0%(40)
Bulgarian0%(15)
Barbadian0%(12)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
8.1%
−3.4 ptsvs 2000
vs 11.4% in 2000
US average: 20.3%
High school or higher
58.8%
−10.2 ptsvs 2000
vs 69.0% in 2000
US average: 75.2%
Graduate degree
2.7%
−1.1 ptsvs 2000
vs 3.8% in 2000
US average: 7.1%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
20.4 min
+27%vs 2000
vs 16.0 min in 2000
US average: 21.9
Section 07

Work & employment

No data for the years selected.

Section 08

People & community

No data for the years selected.

Marital status (2024)
Men 15+
Never married57%(82,976)
Married27.4%(39,863)
Widowed2.9%(4,243)
Divorced12.7%(18,426)
Women 15+
Never married51.6%(81,176)
Married25.2%(39,576)
Widowed9%(14,134)
Divorced14.2%(22,334)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Showing 2024 (the nearest year with coverage data).

Uninsured
8.1%
−8.8 ptssince 2013
from 16.9% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
37.0%
−1.2 ptssince 2020
from 38.2% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
8.6%
+0.6 ptssince 2020
from 8.0% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
18.7%
+1.0 ptssince 2020
from 17.7% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
44.3%
−0.4 ptssince 2020
from 44.7% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
2.1%
Unchangedsince 2020
from 2.1% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
44.0%
−0.5 ptssince 2020
from 44.5% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
56.7%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 57.0% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)15.9%(2,350)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)14.1%(2,078)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era32.2%(4,747)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War5.3%(782)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II1.1%(163)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 14,742 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Explore

Neighborhoods in Cleveland

Drill deeper

Places similar to Cleveland

Detroit
Pop 649,095
Newark
Pop 323,808
Buffalo
Pop 274,613
Cincinnati
Pop 314,367
Places similar to Cleveland
Head to head

Compare Cleveland to nearby cities

CLEVELAND VS
Brooklyn
Income$69,346+289%
Home value$163,100+304%
Population11,072−97%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CLEVELAND VS
Garfield Heights
Income$54,593+206%
Home value$109,900+172%
Population28,790−92%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CLEVELAND VS
Lakewood
Income$68,954+287%
Home value$262,200+549%
Population49,027−87%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CLEVELAND VS
East Cleveland
Income$22,116+24%
Home value$68,800+70%
Population13,229−96%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Cleveland, Ohio?

Cleveland, Ohio has about 505,616 residents according to the 1990 Census.

What is the median household income in Cleveland, Ohio?

The typical household in Cleveland, Ohio earns about $17,822 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Cleveland, Ohio expensive?

In Cleveland, Ohio, the median home is worth about $40,400, and the typical rent is about $322 a month.

How educated are people in Cleveland, Ohio?

About 8.1% of adults age 25 and over in Cleveland, Ohio hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Cleveland, Ohio?

About 28.7% of people in Cleveland, Ohio live below the federal poverty line.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →