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CITY

Memphis

Tennessee · 609,647 residents (2025 est.) · 296.202 sq mi
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Notable rankings
#29Largest by populationof 4,896609,647
The short version

Memphis has notably lower household income than the US average, with a median household income of $51,736. Population has declined 5% since 2000. Median home value has more than doubled since 2000, reaching $169,000. At a median age of 34.2, residents skew younger than the country as a whole. The poverty rate of 23.1% is well above the national figure. Households here earn about 26% less than the Tennessee median.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 34.2
US median: 38.9
Less educated
28% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 28%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
618,980
−5%since 2000
from 650,100 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
2,090 / sq mi
−9%since 2009
from 2,293 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
34.2
+7%since 2000
from 31.9 in 2000
US average: 38.9

PEP 2025 EST:609,647 residents (Census Bureau Vintage 2025, released March 2026)

Population, 1990 – 2024
603K624K645K665K686K1990201020202024Memphis
2024619K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 57.2%(44,693)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 96.9%(42,773)
US avg: 6%
10 to 147.1%(43,901)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.3%(39,266)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 247.1%(43,957)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3416.5%(101,841)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4412.4%(76,678)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5410.9%(67,603)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6411.1%(69,000)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 749.1%(56,144)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 844%(24,925)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.3%(8,199)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$51,736
−12%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $32,285 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$33,100
+86%since 2000
from $17,838 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
33.6%
+13.8 ptssince 2009
from 19.9% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
23.1%
+2.6 ptssince 2000
from 20.6% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.522
+4%since 2010
from 0.501 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Finance & insurance14.7%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical14.3%
US avg: 5.1%
Information10.7%
US avg: 10.8%
Retail trade8.4%
US avg: 9.9%
Wholesale trade5.6%
US avg: 6.9%
Other services5%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration3.1%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing2.5%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.1%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services0.5%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.2%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.2%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$169,000
+28%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $72,300 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,181
+18%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $548 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
44.9%
−10.9 ptssince 2000
from 55.8% in 2000
55.1% rent
Vacancy rate
12.7%
−2.8 ptssince 2009
from 15.5% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Owner cost-burdened
25.3%
−9.4 ptssince 2009
from 34.7% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
51.8%
−0.7 ptssince 2009
from 52.5% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
3.3
+23%since 2009
from 2.7 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index: median home value divided by median household income. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
51
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
RELATED:See current rent listings in Memphis on RentDataNow
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic33.3%(216,174)
Black61.2%(397,732)
Hispanic / Latino3%(19,317)
Asian1.4%(9,373)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic22.4%(138,561)
Black62.7%(387,985)
Hispanic / Latino10.4%(64,506)
Asian1.7%(10,442)
Other2.8%(17,486)
Diversity Score
68
+2%since 2009
from 67 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican5.5%(33,941)
Central American2.9%(17,981)
Honduran1.2%(7,648)
Guatemalan1.1%(6,835)
South American0.8%(4,691)
Venezuelan0.4%(2,638)
Salvadoran0.4%(2,538)
Puerto Rican0.3%(1,996)
Cuban0.2%(1,363)
Colombian0.2%(955)
Spaniard0.1%(654)
Nicaraguan0.1%(535)
+ 9 more hispanic origin groups with data
Dominican0.1%(489)
Panamanian0.1%(408)
Peruvian0%(287)
Uruguayan0%(238)
Argentine0%(177)
Chilean0%(82)
Asian origin
Asian Indian0.4%(2,690)
Vietnamese0.4%(2,388)
Chinese0.3%(1,812)
Filipino0.1%(752)
Korean0.1%(456)
Bangladeshi0.1%(340)
Nepalese0%(299)
Cambodian0%(259)
Mongolian0%(220)
Japanese0%(216)
Laotian0%(208)
Taiwanese0%(107)
+ 6 more asian origin groups with data
Burmese0%(90)
Pakistani0%(87)
Thai0%(71)
Pacific Islander origin
Samoan0%(212)
Chamorro0%(24)
Ancestry
English5.2%(31,992)
Irish3.7%(23,149)
German3.3%(20,702)
American2.9%(18,033)
Italian1.4%(8,484)
Scottish0.9%(5,391)
French0.7%(4,270)
Scotch-Irish0.6%(3,811)
Polish0.4%(2,455)
Arab0.3%(2,148)
Dutch0.2%(1,530)
+ 50 more ancestry groups with data
Norwegian0.2%(1,384)
West Indian0.2%(1,378)
British0.2%(1,349)
Nigerian0.2%(1,216)
Welsh0.2%(1,108)
Russian0.2%(1,037)
Swedish0.2%(986)
Greek0.1%(798)
Swiss0.1%(651)
Jamaican0.1%(575)
Lebanese0.1%(574)
Czech0.1%(486)
Austrian0.1%(473)
Ghanaian0.1%(460)
Hungarian0.1%(430)
Portuguese0.1%(406)
Lithuanian0.1%(354)
Ukrainian0.1%(316)
Ethiopian0%(271)
Canadian0%(227)
Romanian0%(223)
Danish0%(180)
Egyptian0%(175)
Brazilian0%(175)
Iranian0%(173)
Haitian0%(159)
Turkish0%(158)
Slovak0%(125)
Syrian0%(119)
Croatian0%(103)
Kenyan0%(87)
Moroccan0%(84)
Finnish0%(84)
Somali0%(68)
Bulgarian0%(66)
Israeli0%(53)
Latvian0%(48)
Belgian0%(45)
Armenian0%(29)
Jordanian0%(28)
Guyanese0%(23)
Iraqi0%(19)
Serbian0%(19)
Barbadian0%(18)
Slovene0%(8)
RANKED:Largest Mexican population · Largest English population · Largest Irish population · Largest German population · Largest American population
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
28.0%
+7.2 ptssince 2000
from 20.9% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
87.2%
+10.9 ptssince 2000
from 76.4% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
11.3%
+3.6 ptssince 2000
from 7.7% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
21.1 min
+52%since 2000
from 14.0 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
76.2%
−3.7 ptssince 2009
from 79.9% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
10.4%
−1.4 ptssince 2009
from 11.8% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.8%
−1.9 ptssince 2009
from 2.7% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
9.2%
+7.0 ptssince 2009
from 2.2% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.7%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 2.0% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.1%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.2% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
10.3%
−2.0 ptssince 2009
from 12.3% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
8.3%
−4.7 ptssince 2011
from 13.0% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
63.8%
−0.8 ptssince 2011
from 64.5% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Self-employed
11.8%
−1.5 ptssince 2009
from 13.3% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
32.5%
−30.9 ptssince 2009
from 63.4% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
47.4%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 47.4% in 2009
Female
52.6%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 52.6% in 2009
Foreign born
7.7%
+2.1 ptssince 2009
from 5.6% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
5.2%
−41.1 ptssince 2009
from 46.3% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
13.7%
−0.2 ptssince 2012
from 13.9% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
14.7%
−66.3 ptssince 2013
from 81.0% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
87.5%
+23.7 ptssince 2017
from 63.8% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
English only at home
88.5%
−2.1 ptssince 2016
from 90.6% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
8.4%
+2.3 ptssince 2016
from 6.1% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married50.1%(113,089)
Married37.1%(83,821)
Widowed2.9%(6,515)
Divorced9.9%(22,394)
Women 15+
Never married47.1%(123,423)
Married30.8%(80,713)
Widowed8.7%(22,754)
Divorced13.3%(34,904)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Explore

Neighborhoods in Memphis

Berclair-Highland HeightsCordova-ApplingDowntownEast Memphis-Colonial-YorkshireHickory Ridge-South RiverdaleMidtownParkway Village-OakhavenRaleighRiver Oaks-Kirby-BalmoralShelby Forest-FrayserWhite Haven-Coro LakeNeighborhoods in Memphis
Drill deeper

Places similar to Memphis

Milwaukee
Pop 562,407
Tucson
Pop 548,371
El Paso
Pop 683,012
Baltimore
Pop 569,997
Places similar to Memphis
Head to head

Compare Memphis to nearby cities

MEMPHIS VS
Germantown
Income$149,920+190%
Home value$470,800+179%
Population40,001−93%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Southaven
Income$78,483+52%
Home value$236,300+40%
Population57,819−91%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Horn Lake
Income$53,311+3%
Home value$171,400+1%
Population26,741−96%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
MEMPHIS VS
Bartlett
Income$102,070+97%
Home value$310,400+84%
Population56,416−91%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Memphis, Tennessee?

Memphis, Tennessee has about 618,980 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Memphis, Tennessee?

The typical household in Memphis, Tennessee earns about $51,736 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Memphis, Tennessee expensive?

In Memphis, Tennessee, the median home is worth about $169,000, and the typical rent is about $1,181 a month.

How educated are people in Memphis, Tennessee?

About 28.0% of adults age 25 and over in Memphis, Tennessee hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Memphis, Tennessee?

About 23.1% of people in Memphis, Tennessee live below the federal poverty line.

Has Memphis, Tennessee grown since 1990?

Yes, Memphis, Tennessee has grown since 1990. The population has added about 8,643 residents, a change of about 1 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →