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CITY · INCORPORATED 1850

Sacramento

California · 536,449 residents (2025 est.) · 98.6 sq mi
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Part of the Sacramento metro area
The short version

Sacramento is a city of 528,706 people in California. Owners hold 52% of the housing stock. There are 5,360 people per square mile. Growth has run 30% since 2000, or 121,688 more people. 22% of residents were born outside the United States. The typical home is worth $506,300, having more than tripled since 2000.

At a glance
Wealthier
above the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 36.0
US median: 38.9
Average education
37% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 121%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
528,706
+30%since 2000
from 407,018 in 2000
536,449 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
5,360 / sq mi
+16%since 2009
from 4,627 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
36.0
+10%since 2000
from 32.8 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
98.6 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
353K401K449K497K545K19902000201020202024Sacramento
2024529K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 55.7%(30,244)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 95.8%(30,737)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146.1%(32,211)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.5%(34,133)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.4%(34,008)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3417.5%(92,784)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4415.4%(81,175)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5411.5%(60,837)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6410.8%(57,332)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 748.6%(45,709)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 844%(20,984)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.6%(8,552)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$87,321
+29%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $37,049 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$43,376
+132%since 2000
from $18,721 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
56.6%
+25.3 ptssince 2009
from 31.3% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
13.9%
−6.1 ptssince 2000
from 20.0% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.447
+1%since 2010
from 0.443 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Information9.2%
US avg: 10.8%
Finance & insurance7%
US avg: 5.9%
Wholesale trade6.8%
US avg: 6.9%
Professional, scientific, technical5.7%
US avg: 5.1%
Retail trade5.5%
US avg: 9.9%
Other services5.1%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration3.4%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing1.9%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.5%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services1.2%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing1%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction1%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$506,300
+121%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $126,000 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,779
+56%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $625 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
51.7%
+1.6 ptssince 2000
from 50.1% in 2000
48.3% rent
Vacancy rate
5.7%
−3.0 ptssince 2009
from 8.8% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.59 people
+1%since 2009
from 2.57 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
28.2%
−12.4 ptssince 2009
from 40.6% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
53.5%
+1.2 ptssince 2009
from 52.3% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
5.8
−12%since 2009
from 6.6 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
63
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic40.5%(164,974)
Black15%(61,136)
Hispanic / Latino21.6%(87,974)
Asian16.4%(66,598)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic29.3%(155,030)
Black11.8%(62,548)
Hispanic / Latino29.4%(155,298)
Asian20.1%(106,143)
Other9.4%(49,687)
Diversity Score
96
+3%since 2009
from 93 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican23.9%(126,403)
Central American2.1%(10,943)
Puerto Rican0.8%(4,473)
South American0.8%(4,316)
Salvadoran0.8%(4,073)
Guatemalan0.6%(3,273)
Spaniard0.5%(2,690)
Peruvian0.3%(1,510)
Nicaraguan0.3%(1,428)
Colombian0.2%(1,116)
Honduran0.2%(1,057)
Cuban0.2%(871)
+ 9 more hispanic origin groups with data
Costa Rican0.1%(585)
Panamanian0.1%(527)
Argentine0.1%(451)
Chilean0.1%(406)
Venezuelan0.1%(300)
Bolivian0.1%(272)
Ecuadorian0%(253)
Dominican0%(245)
Asian origin
Chinese4.2%(21,992)
Hmong3.5%(18,600)
Filipino2.9%(15,383)
Asian Indian2.8%(15,030)
Vietnamese1.5%(8,160)
Japanese0.9%(4,970)
Pakistani0.7%(3,828)
Laotian0.6%(2,992)
Kazakh0.6%(2,915)
Mien0.5%(2,664)
Korean0.3%(1,649)
Cambodian0.3%(1,512)
+ 10 more asian origin groups with data
Nepalese0.1%(667)
Taiwanese0.1%(542)
Thai0.1%(394)
Sri Lankan0%(206)
Burmese0%(100)
Malaysian0%(54)
Mongolian0%(46)
Pacific Islander origin
Fijian0.9%(4,858)
Native Hawaiian0.4%(2,029)
Tongan0.3%(1,326)
Samoan0.2%(1,112)
Marshallese0.2%(918)
Chamorro0.1%(427)
Guamanian0%(114)
Ancestry
German6.4%(34,079)
English6.1%(32,287)
Irish5.7%(30,089)
Italian3.3%(17,517)
American2.3%(11,960)
French1.2%(6,281)
Scottish1.1%(5,953)
Portuguese1.1%(5,801)
Russian1%(5,136)
Norwegian1%(5,126)
Polish0.9%(4,846)
+ 49 more ancestry groups with data
Swedish0.8%(4,002)
Scotch-Irish0.6%(2,948)
Ukrainian0.5%(2,687)
Dutch0.5%(2,683)
Arab0.5%(2,639)
Danish0.5%(2,444)
Nigerian0.4%(2,004)
Welsh0.3%(1,827)
British0.3%(1,606)
Greek0.3%(1,561)
Romanian0.3%(1,398)
Swiss0.2%(1,285)
West Indian0.2%(1,259)
French Canadian0.2%(1,177)
Hungarian0.2%(804)
Czech0.1%(757)
Armenian0.1%(730)
Iranian0.1%(728)
Brazilian0.1%(639)
Austrian0.1%(632)
Finnish0.1%(626)
Jamaican0.1%(610)
Egyptian0.1%(550)
Croatian0.1%(541)
Canadian0.1%(464)
Lithuanian0.1%(461)
Ethiopian0.1%(433)
Lebanese0.1%(399)
Slovak0.1%(374)
Cape Verdean0.1%(293)
Turkish0%(241)
Jordanian0%(234)
Israeli0%(234)
Kenyan0%(213)
Serbian0%(206)
Haitian0%(191)
Syrian0%(154)
Ghanaian0%(151)
Bulgarian0%(136)
Iraqi0%(130)
Australian0%(121)
Slovene0%(111)
Belgian0%(107)
Latvian0%(98)
Barbadian0%(91)
Moroccan0%(84)
Guyanese0%(77)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
37.1%
+13.1 ptssince 2000
from 23.9% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
86.7%
+9.4 ptssince 2000
from 77.3% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
14.1%
+5.7 ptssince 2000
from 8.4% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
25.3 min
+73%since 2000
from 14.6 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
64.0%
−7.9 ptssince 2009
from 71.9% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
9.0%
−5.4 ptssince 2009
from 14.4% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
1.8%
−2.1 ptssince 2009
from 3.9% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
19.7%
+16.1 ptssince 2009
from 3.6% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
2.5%
−0.7 ptssince 2009
from 3.2% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
1.3%
−0.7 ptssince 2009
from 2.0% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
8.4%
−1.4 ptssince 2009
from 9.8% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
6.6%
−6.1 ptssince 2011
from 12.7% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
65.0%
Unchangedsince 2011
from 65.0% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
75.0%
+0.9 ptssince 2020
from 74.1% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
19.6%
−0.4 ptssince 2009
from 20.1% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
44.0%
+5.8 ptssince 2009
from 38.2% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
49.3%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 48.7% in 2009
Female
50.7%
−0.6 ptssince 2009
from 51.3% in 2009
Foreign born
22.3%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 22.3% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
4.4%
−4.2 ptssince 2009
from 8.6% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
12.9%
−0.6 ptssince 2012
from 13.5% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
5.4%
−10.3 ptssince 2013
from 15.7% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
93.5%
+13.8 ptssince 2017
from 79.7% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
96.6%
+1.9 ptssince 2020
from 94.7% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
87.3%
+3.7 ptssince 2020
from 83.6% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
63.6%
+1.1 ptssince 2016
from 62.5% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
16.5%
−1.4 ptssince 2016
from 17.9% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married45.2%(96,106)
Married44.1%(93,823)
Widowed2.2%(4,745)
Divorced8.5%(18,035)
Women 15+
Never married38.9%(86,687)
Married42.1%(93,766)
Widowed7.5%(16,712)
Divorced11.5%(25,640)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
5.4%
−10.3 ptssince 2013
from 15.7% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
56.7%
+1.2 ptssince 2020
from 55.5% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
10.0%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 9.6% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
15.4%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 15.0% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
29.9%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 30.2% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.6%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 1.8% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
64.9%
+1.3 ptssince 2020
from 63.6% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
41.0%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 41.2% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)28.3%(5,204)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)18.9%(3,467)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era33.9%(6,233)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War5.3%(975)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II1.6%(294)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 18,381 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Explore

Neighborhoods in Sacramento

Drill deeper

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Atlanta
Pop 529,110
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Pop 506,306
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Pop 513,656
Places similar to Sacramento
Head to head

Compare Sacramento to nearby cities

SACRAMENTO VS
Lemon Hill
Income$48,762−44%
Home value$349,900−31%
Population15,312−97%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SACRAMENTO VS
West Sacramento
Income$93,188+7%
Home value$525,800+4%
Population56,216−90%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SACRAMENTO VS
Parkway
Income$64,375−26%
Home value$374,700−26%
Population15,397−97%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SACRAMENTO VS
Arden-Arcade
Income$77,321−11%
Home value$560,200+11%
Population94,994−82%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Sacramento, California?

Sacramento, California has about 528,706 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Sacramento, California?

The typical household in Sacramento, California earns about $87,321 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Sacramento, California expensive?

In Sacramento, California, the median home is worth about $506,300, and the typical rent is about $1,779 a month.

How educated are people in Sacramento, California?

About 37.1% of adults age 25 and over in Sacramento, California hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Sacramento, California?

About 13.9% of people in Sacramento, California live below the federal poverty line.

Has Sacramento, California grown since 1990?

Yes, Sacramento, California has grown since 1990. The population has added about 159,341 residents, a change of about 43 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →

Sacramento, California: demographics, income & housing data · CensusEasy