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CITY

Marlborough

Massachusetts · 42,772 residents (2025 est.) · 20.9 sq mi
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The short version

Marlborough is a city of 41,647 people in Massachusetts. That puts it in the top 10% of US cities for household income. The foreign-born share is 31%. 56% of homes are owner-occupied. There are 1,996 people per square mile. Home values have roughly tripled since 2000, reaching $513,100.

At a glance
Wealthier
above the US median
US median: $82,259
Mid-age
median age 37.5
US median: 38.9
More educated
40% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 55%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
41,647
+15%since 2000
from 36,255 in 2000
42,772 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
1,996 / sq mi
+10%since 2009
from 1,820 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
37.5
+4%since 2000
from 36.1 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
20.9 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
31K34K37K40K43K19902000201020202024Marlborough
202442K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 57.7%(3,201)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 95.5%(2,304)
US avg: 6%
10 to 145.1%(2,104)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 195%(2,076)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 246.4%(2,669)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3415.9%(6,630)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4414.2%(5,926)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5411.8%(4,924)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6413.5%(5,610)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 748.6%(3,568)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 844.1%(1,725)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over2.2%(910)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$91,968
−11%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $56,879 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$46,241
+61%since 2000
from $28,723 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
59.0%
+11.8 ptssince 2009
from 47.2% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
9.6%
+2.8 ptssince 2000
from 6.8% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.429
+1%since 2010
from 0.424 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Retail trade13.4%
US avg: 9.9%
Information11.3%
US avg: 10.8%
Wholesale trade10.4%
US avg: 6.9%
Other services5.3%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration4.5%
US avg: 4.8%
Finance & insurance2.6%
US avg: 5.9%
Arts, entertainment, food2.3%
US avg: 1.9%
Professional, scientific, technical2%
US avg: 5.1%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing1.3%
US avg: 1.6%
Transportation & warehousing1.2%
US avg: 2.2%
Construction1%
US avg: 1.2%
Education & health services0.6%
US avg: 0.9%
Manufacturing0.3%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$513,100
+55%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $181,500 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,871
+27%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $811 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
56.0%
−5.0 ptssince 2000
from 61.0% in 2000
44.0% rent
Vacancy rate
3.4%
−2.8 ptssince 2009
from 6.2% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.46 people
+1%since 2009
from 2.43 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
23.7%
−7.7 ptssince 2009
from 31.4% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
57.5%
+12.2 ptssince 2009
from 45.3% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
5.6
+10%since 2009
from 5.1 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
32
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic84.9%(30,778)
Black2%(724)
Hispanic / Latino6.1%(2,196)
Asian3.7%(1,359)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic54.1%(22,515)
Black3.7%(1,529)
Hispanic / Latino18%(7,477)
Asian5.3%(2,214)
Other19%(7,912)
Diversity Score
79
+95%since 2009
from 41 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Central American7.9%(3,281)
Guatemalan5.7%(2,390)
South American3.9%(1,624)
Puerto Rican2.9%(1,207)
Colombian2.5%(1,026)
Mexican1.5%(616)
Honduran1.2%(504)
Salvadoran0.9%(364)
Peruvian0.6%(249)
Dominican0.5%(208)
Cuban0.4%(159)
Bolivian0.3%(143)
+ 4 more hispanic origin groups with data
Ecuadorian0.2%(91)
Uruguayan0.2%(72)
Argentine0.1%(43)
Costa Rican0.1%(23)
Asian origin
Asian Indian2.7%(1,138)
Chinese1.5%(622)
Vietnamese0.4%(159)
Filipino0.2%(72)
Korean0.1%(58)
Thai0.1%(56)
Pakistani0.1%(45)
Bangladeshi0.1%(35)
Japanese0.1%(29)
Pacific Islander origin
Chamorro0.1%(60)
Ancestry
Irish14.7%(6,104)
Brazilian12.2%(5,097)
Italian10.9%(4,557)
English9.3%(3,874)
German4.7%(1,943)
French4%(1,671)
American3.8%(1,562)
French Canadian3.2%(1,350)
Portuguese3.1%(1,294)
Polish2.7%(1,116)
Scottish1.8%(742)
+ 35 more ancestry groups with data
Swedish1.2%(516)
Russian1%(433)
Armenian1%(408)
Scotch-Irish0.8%(321)
Nigerian0.7%(303)
Greek0.6%(263)
Lithuanian0.6%(253)
Arab0.6%(252)
Canadian0.6%(238)
Dutch0.5%(198)
West Indian0.4%(168)
Iranian0.4%(151)
British0.3%(141)
Ukrainian0.3%(115)
Finnish0.3%(105)
Austrian0.2%(104)
Haitian0.2%(102)
Lebanese0.2%(84)
Swiss0.2%(83)
Norwegian0.2%(81)
Welsh0.2%(80)
Hungarian0.2%(74)
Moroccan0.2%(69)
Croatian0.1%(53)
Belgian0.1%(49)
Cape Verdean0.1%(48)
Syrian0.1%(47)
Danish0.1%(46)
Ghanaian0.1%(44)
Czech0.1%(38)
Latvian0.1%(38)
Romanian0.1%(35)
Australian0.1%(25)
Jamaican0%(13)
Turkish0%(8)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
40.5%
+4.9 ptssince 2000
from 35.6% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
87.9%
+0.5 ptssince 2000
from 87.3% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
16.2%
+3.1 ptssince 2000
from 13.1% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
29.7 min
+56%since 2000
from 19.1 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
65.2%
−13.3 ptssince 2009
from 78.5% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
12.3%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 13.4% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.4%
−1.1 ptssince 2009
from 1.5% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
16.2%
+13.4 ptssince 2009
from 2.9% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
1.9%
−1.4 ptssince 2009
from 3.3% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.0%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
8.1%
−2.6 ptssince 2009
from 10.7% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
5.5%
−0.7 ptssince 2011
from 6.1% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
72.2%
−2.7 ptssince 2011
from 74.9% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
83.1%
−0.6 ptssince 2020
from 83.7% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
10.0%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 9.3% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
41.5%
−2.9 ptssince 2009
from 44.4% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
49.1%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 49.0% in 2009
Female
50.9%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 51.0% in 2009
Foreign born
30.8%
+12.7 ptssince 2009
from 18.1% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
4.0%
−4.4 ptssince 2009
from 8.4% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
10.4%
+0.8 ptssince 2012
from 9.6% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
4.3%
Unchangedsince 2013
from 4.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
93.2%
+5.9 ptssince 2017
from 87.3% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
95.1%
+0.8 ptssince 2020
from 94.3% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
85.4%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 86.2% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
57.8%
−8.3 ptssince 2016
from 66.1% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
14.8%
−1.1 ptssince 2016
from 15.8% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married35.1%(5,967)
Married53.6%(9,127)
Widowed2.8%(478)
Divorced8.5%(1,441)
Women 15+
Never married29.9%(5,098)
Married49.2%(8,379)
Widowed7.4%(1,253)
Divorced13.5%(2,295)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
4.3%
Unchangedsince 2013
from 4.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
57.1%
−4.3 ptssince 2020
from 61.4% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
13.1%
+0.7 ptssince 2020
from 12.4% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
16.0%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 16.2% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
28.9%
+5.6 ptssince 2020
from 23.3% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.1%
−0.5 ptssince 2020
from 1.6% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
67.9%
−4.3 ptssince 2020
from 72.2% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
42.0%
+5.9 ptssince 2020
from 36.1% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)16.8%(224)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)11.5%(153)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era42.3%(563)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War4.1%(55)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II0.7%(9)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 1,330 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
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Frequently asked

How many people live in Marlborough, Massachusetts?

Marlborough, Massachusetts has about 41,647 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Marlborough, Massachusetts?

The typical household in Marlborough, Massachusetts earns about $91,968 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Marlborough, Massachusetts expensive?

In Marlborough, Massachusetts, the median home is worth about $513,100, and the typical rent is about $1,871 a month.

How educated are people in Marlborough, Massachusetts?

About 40.5% of adults age 25 and over in Marlborough, Massachusetts hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Marlborough, Massachusetts?

About 9.6% of people in Marlborough, Massachusetts live below the federal poverty line.

Has Marlborough, Massachusetts grown since 1990?

Yes, Marlborough, Massachusetts has grown since 1990. The population has added about 9,834 residents, a change of about 31 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →