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CITY · 2000 CENSUS

Columbia

Missouri · 84,531 residents · 67.3 sq mi
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The short version

Columbia is a city of 84,531 people in Missouri. 50% of adults hold a bachelor's degree, against 24% nationally. The median age is 26.8, younger than the US median of 35.2. Owners hold 47% of the housing stock. The population is up 22% since 1990. 19.2% of people here live below the federal poverty line.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $42,589
Younger
median age 26.8
US median: 35.2
More educated
50% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 24%
Stable housing
home values roughly flat, inflation adjusted
US median home: $120,530
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
84,531
+22%since 1990
from 69,101 in 1990
1990 – 2025
Median age
26.8
+4%since 1990
from 25.7 in 1990
US average: 35.2
Land area
67.3 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
63K81K99K117K134K19902000201020202024Columbia
2024129K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2000
Under 55.8%(4,884)
US avg: 6.8%
5 to 95.6%(4,706)
US avg: 7.3%
10 to 145.4%(4,537)
US avg: 7.3%
15 to 1911%(9,275)
US avg: 7.2%
20 to 2418.8%(15,885)
US avg: 6.7%
25 to 3415.9%(13,420)
US avg: 14.2%
35 to 4412.8%(10,817)
US avg: 16%
45 to 5410.5%(8,865)
US avg: 13.4%
55 to 645.8%(4,862)
US avg: 8.6%
65 to 744.1%(3,440)
US avg: 6.5%
75 to 843.2%(2,678)
US avg: 4.4%
85 and over1.4%(1,162)
US avg: 1.5%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$33,729
+16%inflation adjusted, since 1990
from $22,059 in 1990
US average: $42,589
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$19,507
+57%since 1990
from $12,452 in 1990
US average: $21,522
Poverty rate
19.2%
−3.2 ptssince 1990
from 22.4% in 1990
US average: 12.4%
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$110,700
+16%inflation adjusted, since 1990
from $72,500 in 1990
US average: $120,530
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$525
+4%inflation adjusted, since 1990
from $382 in 1990
US average: $602
Owner-occupied
47.3%
+3.5 ptssince 1990
from 43.8% in 1990
52.7% rent
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

1990
White, non-Hispanic85.2%(58,892)
Black9.9%(6,829)
Hispanic / Latino1.3%(904)
Asian4.1%(2,825)
2000
White, non-Hispanic80.4%(67,984)
Black10.8%(9,106)
Hispanic / Latino2.1%(1,733)
Asian4.3%(3,624)

No data for the years selected.

Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Detailed origin tables are available for 2024; showing 2024 data.

Hispanic origin
Mexican2.6%(3,386)
Peruvian0.3%(389)
Puerto Rican0.2%(284)
Cuban0.2%(229)
Bolivian0.2%(219)
Colombian0.2%(212)
Spaniard0.1%(123)
Guatemalan0.1%(87)
Honduran0.1%(70)
+ 6 more hispanic origin groups with data
Asian origin
Chinese1.5%(1,956)
Asian Indian1.3%(1,624)
Korean0.7%(886)
Vietnamese0.5%(672)
Cambodian0.5%(658)
Filipino0.4%(554)
Nepalese0.2%(317)
Pakistani0.1%(162)
Japanese0.1%(131)
Thai0.1%(130)
Kazakh0.1%(116)
Taiwanese0.1%(69)
+ 6 more asian origin groups with data
Hmong0%(34)
Laotian0%(33)
Mongolian0%(23)
Pacific Islander origin
Samoan0.1%(144)
Chamorro0%(16)
Ancestry
German23.7%(30,527)
English14.3%(18,359)
Irish12.4%(15,984)
American4.6%(5,938)
Italian3.3%(4,259)
Scottish2.3%(2,984)
French1.8%(2,251)
Polish1.4%(1,809)
Norwegian1.1%(1,436)
Dutch1.1%(1,367)
Scotch-Irish1%(1,302)
+ 47 more ancestry groups with data
Swedish0.8%(1,072)
British0.6%(815)
Russian0.6%(724)
Greek0.6%(710)
Welsh0.5%(705)
Arab0.5%(625)
Danish0.4%(537)
West Indian0.4%(461)
Swiss0.4%(452)
Czech0.3%(442)
Nigerian0.3%(337)
Iranian0.3%(332)
Hungarian0.2%(283)
Belgian0.2%(227)
Haitian0.2%(198)
Finnish0.1%(184)
Portuguese0.1%(169)
Iraqi0.1%(166)
Ethiopian0.1%(162)
Kenyan0.1%(145)
Austrian0.1%(125)
Turkish0.1%(125)
Ghanaian0.1%(116)
Lithuanian0.1%(115)
Jamaican0.1%(115)
Lebanese0.1%(108)
Australian0.1%(88)
Romanian0.1%(86)
Croatian0.1%(84)
Egyptian0.1%(68)
Syrian0%(64)
Ukrainian0%(53)
Brazilian0%(50)
Moroccan0%(34)
Israeli0%(33)
Slovak0%(33)
Slovene0%(31)
Barbadian0%(19)
Jordanian0%(18)
Bulgarian0%(17)
Serbian0%(16)
Canadian0%(12)
Somali0%(5)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
50.5%
+5.5 ptssince 1990
from 45.0% in 1990
US average: 24.4%
High school or higher
91.1%
+3.9 ptssince 1990
from 87.2% in 1990
US average: 80.3%
Graduate degree
24.0%
+2.6 ptssince 1990
from 21.4% in 1990
US average: 8.8%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
10.4 min
−26%since 1990
from 14.0 min in 1990
US average: 17.6
Section 07

Work & employment

No data for the years selected.

Section 08

People & community

No data for the years selected.

Marital status
Men 15+
Never married46.1%(15,420)
Married44.8%(15,011)
Widowed1.7%(557)
Divorced7.4%(2,487)
Women 15+
Never married41.9%(15,579)
Married41.3%(15,342)
Widowed6.5%(2,410)
Divorced10.3%(3,837)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2000
Section 09

Health coverage

Showing 2024 (the nearest year with coverage data).

Uninsured
5.9%
−3.5 ptssince 2013
from 9.4% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
67.5%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 67.7% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
14.3%
−0.3 ptssince 2020
from 14.6% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
13.1%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 13.2% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
11.0%
+0.9 ptssince 2020
from 10.1% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
2.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 2.5% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
79.6%
−0.9 ptssince 2020
from 80.5% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
23.3%
+1.1 ptssince 2020
from 22.2% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)35.3%(1,689)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)19.4%(931)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era28.3%(1,356)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War5.7%(272)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II3%(144)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 4,789 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Drill deeper

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Head to head

Compare Columbia to nearby cities

COLUMBIA VS
Fulton
Income$51,429+52%
Home value$155,900+41%
Population12,853−90%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
COLUMBIA VS
Jefferson City
Income$66,371+97%
Home value$218,700+98%
Population42,489−68%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
COLUMBIA VS
Mexico
Income$50,873+51%
Home value$139,800+26%
Population11,558−91%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
COLUMBIA VS
Moberly
Income$44,145+31%
Home value$153,100+38%
Population13,719−90%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Columbia, Missouri?

Columbia, Missouri has about 84,531 residents according to the 2000 Census.

What is the median household income in Columbia, Missouri?

The typical household in Columbia, Missouri earns about $33,729 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Columbia, Missouri expensive?

In Columbia, Missouri, the median home is worth about $110,700, and the typical rent is about $525 a month.

How educated are people in Columbia, Missouri?

About 50.5% of adults age 25 and over in Columbia, Missouri hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Columbia, Missouri?

About 19.2% of people in Columbia, Missouri live below the federal poverty line.

Has Columbia, Missouri grown since 1990?

Yes, Columbia, Missouri has grown since 1990. The population has added about 15,430 residents, a change of about 22 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →