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CITY · INCORPORATED 1636

Springfield

Massachusetts · 154,702 residents (2025 est.) · 31.9 sq mi
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Part of the Springfield metro area
The short version

Springfield is a city of 154,749 people in Massachusetts. Households here earn about 49% less than in Massachusetts as a whole. Four-year degrees are less common here than nationally, at 20% of adults. 50% of homes are owner-occupied. The poverty rate is 25.8%, above the 12.5% national rate. This skews young, with a median age of 33.7.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Younger
median age 33.7
US median: 38.9
Less educated
20% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 55%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
154,749
+2%since 2000
from 152,082 in 2000
154,702 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
4,856 / sq mi
+1%since 2009
from 4,806 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
33.7
+6%since 2000
from 31.9 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
31.9 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
152K153K155K156K157K19902000201020202024Springfield
2024155K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 56.5%(10,041)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 97%(10,802)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146.4%(9,857)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 198.3%(12,906)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 248.3%(12,920)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3415.4%(23,793)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4412.4%(19,119)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5411.1%(17,121)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6411.5%(17,726)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 748%(12,354)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 843.7%(5,658)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over1.6%(2,452)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$52,656
−5%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $30,417 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$27,337
+79%since 2000
from $15,232 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
35.6%
+16.1 ptssince 2009
from 19.5% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
25.8%
+2.7 ptssince 2000
from 23.1% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.476
+4%since 2010
from 0.457 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Retail trade10%
US avg: 9.9%
Information9.4%
US avg: 10.8%
Finance & insurance7.1%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical6.3%
US avg: 5.1%
Other services5.3%
US avg: 6.7%
Wholesale trade4.4%
US avg: 6.9%
Public administration3.5%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing1.9%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food0.9%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services0.9%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.4%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction0.4%
US avg: 1.2%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$245,000
+55%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $86,500 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$1,144
+21%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $517 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
49.6%
−0.2 ptssince 2000
from 49.9% in 2000
50.4% rent
Vacancy rate
7.1%
−3.8 ptssince 2009
from 10.9% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.58 people
−1%since 2009
from 2.61 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
34.8%
−3.2 ptssince 2009
from 38.0% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
53.6%
−3.1 ptssince 2009
from 56.7% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
4.7
+4%since 2009
from 4.5 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
47
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic48.8%(74,291)
Black19.6%(29,831)
Hispanic / Latino27.2%(41,343)
Asian1.9%(2,857)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic27.8%(43,089)
Black17.5%(27,100)
Hispanic / Latino48.6%(75,190)
Asian2.7%(4,103)
Other3.4%(5,267)
Diversity Score
82
−2%since 2009
from 84 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Puerto Rican38.7%(59,920)
Dominican4%(6,139)
Central American2.2%(3,383)
Guatemalan1.4%(2,195)
Mexican1.2%(1,786)
Salvadoran0.4%(602)
Ecuadorian0.3%(521)
Colombian0.3%(479)
Cuban0.2%(364)
Spaniard0.2%(314)
Nicaraguan0.2%(257)
+ 7 more hispanic origin groups with data
Honduran0.1%(195)
Chilean0.1%(177)
Peruvian0.1%(170)
Argentine0.1%(104)
Panamanian0.1%(80)
Bolivian0%(28)
Asian origin
Vietnamese0.8%(1,204)
Nepalese0.4%(659)
Chinese0.3%(509)
Asian Indian0.3%(496)
Pakistani0.2%(364)
Laotian0.2%(269)
Cambodian0.1%(191)
Bhutanese0.1%(83)
Filipino0.1%(80)
Thai0%(21)
Korean0%(15)
Uzbek0%(13)
+ 2 more asian origin groups with data
Pacific Islander origin
Chamorro0.1%(144)
Samoan0%(11)
Ancestry
Irish7.6%(11,769)
American4.9%(7,565)
Italian4.8%(7,387)
French4%(6,232)
West Indian3.1%(4,806)
English2.7%(4,179)
Polish2.2%(3,408)
Jamaican2.1%(3,290)
German1.8%(2,796)
French Canadian1.5%(2,363)
Greek0.7%(1,123)
+ 46 more ancestry groups with data
Arab0.7%(1,094)
Scottish0.6%(915)
Haitian0.6%(907)
Portuguese0.5%(833)
Swedish0.5%(740)
Somali0.4%(635)
Lebanese0.3%(475)
Scotch-Irish0.2%(362)
Russian0.2%(338)
Kenyan0.2%(292)
Canadian0.2%(279)
Lithuanian0.1%(230)
Syrian0.1%(225)
Dutch0.1%(187)
Welsh0.1%(183)
Iraqi0.1%(169)
Ghanaian0.1%(167)
British0.1%(165)
Hungarian0.1%(165)
Cape Verdean0.1%(162)
Ukrainian0.1%(149)
Barbadian0.1%(146)
Nigerian0.1%(144)
Armenian0.1%(119)
Norwegian0.1%(113)
Slovak0.1%(88)
Austrian0.1%(86)
Guyanese0.1%(78)
Turkish0%(75)
Finnish0%(51)
Moroccan0%(48)
Iranian0%(27)
Danish0%(26)
Egyptian0%(20)
Romanian0%(20)
Czech0%(19)
Ethiopian0%(19)
Brazilian0%(17)
Croatian0%(16)
Belgian0%(14)
Bulgarian0%(14)
Latvian0%(13)
Serbian0%(10)
Swiss0%(10)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
20.5%
+5.1 ptssince 2000
from 15.4% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
79.8%
+6.5 ptssince 2000
from 73.4% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
8.7%
+2.7 ptssince 2000
from 5.9% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
20.2 min
+49%since 2000
from 13.5 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
72.0%
−5.6 ptssince 2009
from 77.6% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
11.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 11.0% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
2.6%
−2.2 ptssince 2009
from 4.8% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
8.4%
+5.8 ptssince 2009
from 2.5% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
3.6%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 3.5% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.4%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
18.2%
−2.4 ptssince 2009
from 20.6% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
8.7%
−5.0 ptssince 2011
from 13.7% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
56.9%
−0.8 ptssince 2011
from 57.7% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
66.2%
−1.1 ptssince 2020
from 67.3% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
16.2%
+2.2 ptssince 2009
from 14.0% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
32.1%
+4.7 ptssince 2009
from 27.4% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
48.2%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 47.7% in 2009
Female
51.8%
−0.6 ptssince 2009
from 52.3% in 2009
Foreign born
10.5%
+0.6 ptssince 2009
from 9.8% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
3.4%
−4.6 ptssince 2009
from 8.0% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
19.0%
+1.1 ptssince 2012
from 17.9% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
3.8%
−2.5 ptssince 2013
from 6.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
86.0%
+18.0 ptssince 2017
from 68.0% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
89.7%
+5.8 ptssince 2020
from 83.9% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
91.1%
+3.2 ptssince 2020
from 87.9% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
60.9%
−0.2 ptssince 2016
from 61.0% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
32.9%
−0.3 ptssince 2016
from 33.2% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married55.5%(32,517)
Married35.8%(21,004)
Widowed1.9%(1,097)
Divorced6.8%(4,006)
Women 15+
Never married51.4%(33,650)
Married31.9%(20,887)
Widowed6.5%(4,280)
Divorced10.1%(6,608)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
3.8%
−2.5 ptssince 2013
from 6.3% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
39.0%
−0.8 ptssince 2020
from 39.8% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
9.2%
+1.2 ptssince 2020
from 8.0% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
16.0%
+0.2 ptssince 2020
from 15.8% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
51.4%
+0.6 ptssince 2020
from 50.8% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
1.3%
−0.1 ptssince 2020
from 1.4% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
46.2%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 46.4% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
60.4%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 60.0% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)13.3%(530)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)15.6%(620)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era31.7%(1,263)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War6.1%(241)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II2.2%(88)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 3,982 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Drill deeper

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Head to head

Compare Springfield to nearby cities

SPRINGFIELD VS
Chicopee
Income$62,615+19%
Home value$274,500+12%
Population55,310−64%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SPRINGFIELD VS
Longmeadow
Income$149,601+184%
Home value$454,100+85%
Population15,696−90%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SPRINGFIELD VS
West Springfield
Income$69,371+32%
Home value$321,500+31%
Population28,829−81%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
SPRINGFIELD VS
Agawam
Income$85,421+62%
Home value$311,600+27%
Population28,783−81%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Springfield, Massachusetts?

Springfield, Massachusetts has about 154,749 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Springfield, Massachusetts?

The typical household in Springfield, Massachusetts earns about $52,656 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Springfield, Massachusetts expensive?

In Springfield, Massachusetts, the median home is worth about $245,000, and the typical rent is about $1,144 a month.

How educated are people in Springfield, Massachusetts?

About 20.5% of adults age 25 and over in Springfield, Massachusetts hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Springfield, Massachusetts?

About 25.8% of people in Springfield, Massachusetts live below the federal poverty line.

Has Springfield, Massachusetts grown since 1990?

Yes, Springfield, Massachusetts has shrunk since 1990. The population has lost about 2,234 residents, a change of about -1 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →