United States › Massachusetts › Greenfield CITY
Greenfield Massachusetts · 17,691 residents (2025 est.) · 21.4 sq mi
Time machine
COMPARE TO 1990 Census 2000 Census 2009 ACS 2020 ACS 2021 ACS 2022 ACS 2023 ACS
The short version
Greenfield is a city of 17,664 people in Massachusetts. Households here earn about 47% less than in Massachusetts as a whole. The median age is 44.6, about 6 years above the US median. 3,948 more people live here than in 2000. Owners hold 56% of the housing stock. The average commute runs 17 minutes.
At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Older
median age 44.6
US median: 38.9
Average education
39% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 46%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01
Population & growth from 13,716 in 2000
17,691 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
825 / sq mi
+35%since 2009
from 613 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
from 38.4 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Population, 1990 – 2024
13K 14K 15K 17K 18K 1990 2000 2020 2024 Greenfield Age distribution, 2024
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02
Income & economy $55,614
−1%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $30,939 in 2000
US average: $82,259
from $18,108 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
from 20.5% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
from 15.7% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
from 0.440 in 2021
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Public administration 5.4%
Transportation & warehousing 3.2%
Professional, scientific, technical 2%
Education & health services 1.3%
Arts, entertainment, food 1%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing 1%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
$263,100
+46%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $99,100 in 2000
US average: $376,019
$1,107
+20%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $508 in 2000
US average: $1,442
from 46.6% in 2000
44.3% rent
from 7.1% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
from 2.16 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
from 33.8% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
from 46.6% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
from 4.2 in 2009
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Section 04
Race & ethnicity 2000
White, non-Hispanic 91.6%(12,564)
Hispanic / Latino 3.4%(471)
2024
White, non-Hispanic 87%(15,361)
Hispanic / Latino 5.8%(1,029)
from 21 in 2009
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins
Detailed origins & ancestry Ancestry
+ 28 more ancestry groups with data from 23.3% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
from 85.6% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
from 9.5% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06
Commute & transportation from 13.7 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
from 79.0% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
from 8.5% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
from 1.1% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
from 1.8% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
from 7.9% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
from 0.3% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
from 12.2% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07
Work & employment from 5.0% in 2020
US average: 5.2%
from 60.7% in 2020
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
from 76.3% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
from 14.8% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
from 38.6% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08
People & community from 5.2% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
from 10.7% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
from 19.9% in 2021
US average: 13.3%
from 3.0% in 2020
US average: 8.4%
from 86.9% in 2021
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
from 90.5% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
from 86.0% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
from 91.9% in 2021
US average: 77.7%
from 3.9% in 2021
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married 37.6%(2,683)
Women 15+
Never married 33.1%(2,578)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09
Health coverage from 3.0% in 2020
US average: 8.4%
from 51.3% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
from 14.0% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
from 24.6% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
from 36.3% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
from 4.2% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
from 62.1% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
from 51.9% in 2020
US average: 36.7%
Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.
Section 09 · Service history
Veterans Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later) 3.8%(31)
Share of the 813 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Drill deeper
Places similar to Greenfield Head to head
Compare Greenfield to nearby cities GREENFIELD VS
Amherst
Income $66,968 +20%
Home value $484,900 +84%
Population 40,920 +131%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
GREENFIELD VS
Athol
Income $67,394 +21%
Home value $248,700 −5%
Population 8,801 −50%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
GREENFIELD VS
Northampton
Income $80,288 +44%
Home value $429,700 +63%
Population 31,047 +75%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
GREENFIELD VS
North Adams
Income $47,500 −15%
Home value $195,900 −26%
Population 12,368 −30%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked
How many people live in Greenfield, Massachusetts? Greenfield, Massachusetts has about 17,664 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.
What is the median household income in Greenfield, Massachusetts? The typical household in Greenfield, Massachusetts earns about $55,614 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.
Is Greenfield, Massachusetts expensive? In Greenfield, Massachusetts, the median home is worth about $263,100, and the typical rent is about $1,107 a month.
How educated are people in Greenfield, Massachusetts? About 39.1% of adults age 25 and over in Greenfield, Massachusetts hold a bachelor's degree or higher.
What is the poverty rate in Greenfield, Massachusetts? About 15.2% of people in Greenfield, Massachusetts live below the federal poverty line.
Has Greenfield, Massachusetts grown since 1990? Yes, Greenfield, Massachusetts has grown since 1990. The population has added about 3,648 residents, a change of about 26 percent over that period.
Keep going
Explore from here 