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COUNTY

Jefferson County

Pennsylvania · 43,255 residents (2025 est.) · 652 sq mi
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The short version

With 43,864 people, Jefferson County is a county in Pennsylvania. Four-year degrees are less common here than nationally, at 18% of adults. The median age is 44.0, about 5 years above the US median. The typical home is worth $139,700, having more than doubled since 2000. The foreign-born share is 0%. 75% of homes are owner-occupied.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Older
median age 44.0
US median: 38.9
Less educated
18% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 29%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
43,864
−5%since 2000
from 45,932 in 2000
43,255 in 2025 (Census Bureau estimate)
1990 – 2025
Population density
67 / sq mi
−2%since 2009
from 69 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
44.0
+11%since 2000
from 39.8 in 2000
US average: 38.9
Land area
652 sq mi
Population, 1990 – 2024
44K44K45K46K46K19902000201020202024Jefferson County
202444K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 55.3%(2,343)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 95.7%(2,509)
US avg: 6%
10 to 146.3%(2,782)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 195.9%(2,608)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 245.1%(2,246)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3411.1%(4,847)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4411.5%(5,049)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5411.9%(5,208)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6414.9%(6,515)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7413.1%(5,755)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 846.3%(2,775)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over2.8%(1,227)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$58,686
+2%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $31,722 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$32,564
+101%since 2000
from $16,186 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
38.6%
+22.5 ptssince 2009
from 16.1% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
14.1%
+2.4 ptssince 2000
from 11.8% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.447
+4%since 2010
from 0.432 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Retail trade17.8%
US avg: 9.9%
Information11.2%
US avg: 10.8%
Wholesale trade8.3%
US avg: 6.9%
Finance & insurance6.2%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical4.7%
US avg: 5.1%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing3.1%
US avg: 1.6%
Other services2.8%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration2.1%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing2%
US avg: 2.2%
Manufacturing1.6%
US avg: 0.4%
Construction1.5%
US avg: 1.2%
Education & health services1.5%
US avg: 0.9%
Arts, entertainment, food0.8%
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$139,700
+29%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $59,600 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$750
+9%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $377 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
74.9%
−2.2 ptssince 2000
from 77.1% in 2000
25.1% rent
Vacancy rate
16.9%
−2.0 ptssince 2009
from 19.0% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Persons per household
2.35 people
−2%since 2009
from 2.41 people in 2009
US average: 2.54
Owner cost-burdened
14.5%
−7.0 ptssince 2009
from 21.4% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
37.6%
+1.5 ptssince 2009
from 36.1% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
2.4
+14%since 2009
from 2.1 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Years of local income it takes to buy a local home, on a scale of about 0 to 15. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
56
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic98.7%(45,320)
Black0.1%(49)
Hispanic / Latino0.4%(188)
Asian0.2%(94)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic95.5%(41,871)
Black0.3%(137)
Hispanic / Latino1%(446)
Asian0.3%(110)
Other3%(1,300)
Diversity Score
11
+132%since 2009
from 5 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Segregation Score
15
−17%since 2020
from 19 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican0.3%(144)
Puerto Rican0.3%(129)
Spaniard0.3%(113)
Argentine0%(20)
Cuban0%(7)
Asian origin
Chinese0.2%(79)
Asian Indian0.1%(29)
Ancestry
German27.8%(12,202)
Irish11.8%(5,162)
English10.4%(4,562)
Italian9.1%(3,979)
American6.5%(2,871)
Polish4%(1,735)
Scottish1.7%(726)
Dutch1.6%(722)
Scotch-Irish1.6%(698)
French1.3%(574)
Slovak1.3%(572)
Swedish1.3%(555)
+ 26 more ancestry groups with data
Swiss0.6%(285)
Welsh0.6%(262)
British0.4%(180)
Lithuanian0.3%(149)
Hungarian0.3%(144)
Romanian0.2%(100)
Russian0.2%(95)
Norwegian0.2%(69)
Czech0.1%(61)
Austrian0.1%(58)
Greek0.1%(58)
Croatian0.1%(51)
Ukrainian0.1%(44)
Canadian0.1%(26)
Danish0.1%(26)
Portuguese0.1%(23)
Arab0%(16)
Lebanese0%(16)
Slovene0%(12)
Belgian0%(4)
Finnish0%(1)
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
18.4%
+6.7 ptssince 2000
from 11.7% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
92.2%
+11.2 ptssince 2000
from 81.0% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
5.8%
+1.8 ptssince 2000
from 4.0% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
23.5 min
+54%since 2000
from 15.3 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
80.5%
−3.1 ptssince 2009
from 83.7% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
8.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2009
from 8.5% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.2%
+0.1 ptssince 2009
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
5.7%
+2.7 ptssince 2009
from 3.0% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
3.0%
−0.5 ptssince 2009
from 3.6% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.1%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.1% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
8.3%
+0.8 ptssince 2009
from 7.5% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
4.2%
−3.2 ptssince 2011
from 7.3% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
57.8%
+0.3 ptssince 2011
from 57.5% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Women 20-64 in the labor force
71.1%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 70.7% in 2020
US average: 74.6%
Self-employed
10.6%
+2.0 ptssince 2009
from 8.6% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
28.3%
+5.5 ptssince 2009
from 22.8% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
50.2%
+1.2 ptssince 2009
from 49.1% in 2009
Female
49.8%
−1.2 ptssince 2009
from 50.9% in 2009
Foreign born
0.4%
−0.2 ptssince 2009
from 0.6% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
7.9%
−3.9 ptssince 2009
from 11.8% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
14.8%
−1.0 ptssince 2012
from 15.8% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
8.5%
−3.5 ptssince 2013
from 12.0% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
81.9%
+12.2 ptssince 2017
from 69.7% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
Computer in household
88.9%
+5.3 ptssince 2020
from 83.6% in 2020
US average: 95.5%
Same house as last year
92.3%
+1.6 ptssince 2020
from 90.7% in 2020
US average: 87.7%
English only at home
95.6%
−0.4 ptssince 2016
from 96.0% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
0.4%
−0.1 ptssince 2016
from 0.5% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married29.7%(5,386)
Married55.9%(10,141)
Widowed4.2%(765)
Divorced10.1%(1,839)
Women 15+
Never married23.4%(4,230)
Married52.7%(9,547)
Widowed11.7%(2,118)
Divorced12.2%(2,204)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Section 09

Health coverage

Uninsured
8.5%
−3.5 ptssince 2013
from 12.0% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Employer-based
50.3%
−1.0 ptssince 2020
from 51.3% in 2020
US average: 54.8%
Direct-purchase
14.7%
−0.2 ptssince 2020
from 14.9% in 2020
US average: 13.8%
Medicare
23.7%
+0.7 ptssince 2020
from 23.0% in 2020
US average: 18.4%
Medicaid
25.1%
+0.4 ptssince 2020
from 24.7% in 2020
US average: 20.9%
VA health care
2.6%
+0.2 ptssince 2020
from 2.4% in 2020
US average: 2.2%
Any private
64.0%
−1.0 ptssince 2020
from 65.0% in 2020
US average: 67.1%
Any public
45.1%
+0.9 ptssince 2020
from 44.2% in 2020
US average: 36.7%

Shares are "alone or in combination": a person with both Medicare and Medicaid counts in each, so categories overlap and do not sum to 100%.

Section 09 · Service history

Veterans

Veterans by period of service, 2024
Gulf War (2001 or later)17.4%(476)
US avg: 26.4%
Gulf War (1990s)22.1%(606)
US avg: 24.3%
Vietnam era33.3%(912)
US avg: 33.1%
Korean War6.7%(184)
US avg: 4.5%
World War II0.9%(25)
US avg: 1%

Share of the 2,740 veterans here. A veteran who served across eras counts in each, so shares can total more than 100%. Peacetime-only service is included in the total but not shown as an era.

BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Drill deeper

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Head to head

Compare Jefferson County to nearby counties

JEFFERSON COUNTY VS
Clarion County
Income$62,649+7%
Home value$155,700+11%
Population36,680−15%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
JEFFERSON COUNTY VS
Elk County
Income$66,380+13%
Home value$133,600−4%
Population29,926−31%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
JEFFERSON COUNTY VS
Forest County
Income$52,191−11%
Home value$115,300−17%
Population6,614−85%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
JEFFERSON COUNTY VS
Clearfield County
Income$62,152+6%
Home value$137,000−2%
Population78,100+81%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania?

Jefferson County, Pennsylvania has about 43,864 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania?

The typical household in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania earns about $58,686 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Jefferson County, Pennsylvania expensive?

In Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, the median home is worth about $139,700, and the typical rent is about $750 a month.

How educated are people in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania?

About 18.4% of adults age 25 and over in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania?

About 14.1% of people in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania live below the federal poverty line.

Has Jefferson County, Pennsylvania grown since 1990?

Yes, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania has shrunk since 1990. The population has lost about 2,219 residents, a change of about -5 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →