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CITY

Madison

South Dakota · 6,065 residents (2025 est.) · 4.616 sq mi
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The short version

Madison has lower-than-average household income, with a median household income of $65,593. Population has declined 7% since 2000. Median home value has more than doubled since 2000, reaching $193,100.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Mid-age
median age 40.1
US median: 38.9
Average education
34% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 48%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
6,094
−7%since 2000
from 6,540 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
1,320 / sq mi
−7%since 2000
from 1,417 / sq mi in 2000
US average: 281
Median age
40.1
+21%since 2000
from 33.1 in 2000
US average: 38.9

PEP 2025 EST:6,065 residents (Census Bureau Vintage 2025, released March 2026)

Population, 1990 – 2024
6K6K7K7K7K1990201020202024Madison
20246K
1990201020202024
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$65,593
+18%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $30,434 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$36,282
+146%since 2000
from $14,767 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
43.7%
+22.3 ptssince 2009
from 21.4% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
9.5%
−2.4 ptssince 2000
from 11.9% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.419
+1%since 2010
from 0.414 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Information12.7%
US avg: 10.8%
Retail trade11%
US avg: 9.9%
Wholesale trade5.9%
US avg: 6.9%
Finance & insurance5.7%
US avg: 5.9%
Education & health services4.6%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing3.1%
US avg: 1.6%
Other services3%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration3%
US avg: 4.8%
Construction2.7%
US avg: 1.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.6%
US avg: 1.9%
Professional, scientific, technical1.1%
US avg: 5.1%
Manufacturing0.4%
US avg: 0.4%
Transportation & warehousing0%
US avg: 2.2%
BARS: THIS PLACE · TICKS: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$193,100
+48%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $71,800 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$981
+43%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $377 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
60.2%
−1.8 ptssince 2000
from 62.0% in 2000
39.8% rent
Vacancy rate
10.3%
+2.4 ptssince 2009
from 7.9% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Owner cost-burdened
13.4%
−4.4 ptssince 2009
from 17.8% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
51.3%
+1.9 ptssince 2009
from 49.4% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
2.9
+25%since 2000
from 2.4 in 2000
1990 – 2024
Gentrification Score
84
RELATED:See current rent listings in Madison on RentDataNow
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic96.7%(6,326)
Black0.2%(16)
Hispanic / Latino0.9%(60)
Asian0.8%(50)
Other0%
Diversity Score4.8%(315)
2024
White, non-Hispanic91.3%(5,561)
Black1.3%(80)
Hispanic / Latino4.3%(264)
Asian0.8%(49)
Other2.3%(140)
Diversity Score20.6%(1,254)
Diversity Score
21
+327%since 2000
from 5 in 2000
1990 – 2024
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
34.3%
+11.3 ptssince 2000
from 23.1% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
92.8%
+7.0 ptssince 2000
from 85.8% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
9.9%
+3.7 ptssince 2000
from 6.2% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
11.4 min
−2%since 2000
from 11.6 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
77.4%
+3.1 ptssince 2009
from 74.3% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
6.5%
−3.4 ptssince 2009
from 9.9% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
1.6%
+1.6 ptssince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
8.2%
+4.4 ptssince 2009
from 3.7% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
4.9%
−5.5 ptssince 2009
from 10.4% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.0%
−0.8 ptssince 2009
from 0.8% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
5.1%
+1.8 ptssince 2009
from 3.3% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
4.4%
−1.2 ptssince 2011
from 5.6% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
63.7%
−1.1 ptssince 2011
from 64.9% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Self-employed
27.9%
+13.9 ptssince 2009
from 13.9% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
39.9%
−22.5 ptssince 2009
from 62.4% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
51.4%
+3.8 ptssince 2009
from 47.6% in 2009
Female
48.6%
−3.8 ptssince 2009
from 52.4% in 2009
Foreign born
2.1%
+1.4 ptssince 2009
from 0.7% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
6.5%
−40.6 ptssince 2009
from 47.1% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
17.1%
+6.6 ptssince 2012
from 10.5% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
4.6%
−86.6 ptssince 2013
from 91.2% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
86.0%
+13.7 ptssince 2017
from 72.3% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
English only at home
96.0%
−0.8 ptssince 2016
from 96.7% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
0.8%
−0.3 ptssince 2016
from 1.2% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Drill deeper

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MADISON VS
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MADISON VS
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Frequently asked

How many people live in Madison, South Dakota?

Madison, South Dakota has about 6,094 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Madison, South Dakota?

The typical household in Madison, South Dakota earns about $65,593 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Madison, South Dakota expensive?

In Madison, South Dakota, the median home is worth about $193,100, and the typical rent is about $981 a month.

How educated are people in Madison, South Dakota?

About 34.3% of adults age 25 and over in Madison, South Dakota hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Madison, South Dakota?

About 9.5% of people in Madison, South Dakota live below the federal poverty line.

Has Madison, South Dakota grown since 1990?

Yes, Madison, South Dakota has shrunk since 1990. The population has lost about 163 residents, a change of about -3 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →