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COUNTY

Union County

New Mexico · 3,844 residents (2025 est.) · 3,825.05 sq mi
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The short version

Union County has notably lower household income than the US average, with a median household income of $46,694. Population has declined 4% since 2000. 18% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national rate of 36%. Median home value has more than doubled since 2000, reaching $122,700. Households here earn about 27% less than the New Mexico median.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Older
median age 42.6
US median: 38.9
Less educated
18% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 25%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
4,013
−4%since 2000
from 4,174 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
1 / sq mi
+7%since 2009
from 1 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
42.6
+7%since 2000
from 39.9 in 2000
US average: 38.9

PEP 2025 EST:3,844 residents (Census Bureau Vintage 2025, released March 2026)

Population, 1990 – 2024
4K4K4K4K5K1990201020202024Union County
20244K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 56.4%(257)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 97%(280)
US avg: 6%
10 to 145.2%(210)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 194.1%(165)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 243.9%(158)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3413%(523)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4412.4%(497)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 5411.5%(461)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6413.6%(546)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7412.8%(515)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 847.2%(290)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over2.8%(111)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$46,694
−9%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $28,080 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$38,234
+160%since 2000
from $14,700 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
32.0%
+14.9 ptssince 2009
from 17.1% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
16.6%
−1.6 ptssince 2000
from 18.1% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.649
+62%since 2010
from 0.400 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Agriculture, forestry, fishing20.5%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction20.5%
US avg: 1.2%
Information11.2%
US avg: 10.8%
Finance & insurance7.3%
US avg: 5.9%
Arts, entertainment, food6.1%
US avg: 1.9%
Wholesale trade5.5%
US avg: 6.9%
Retail trade5.4%
US avg: 9.9%
Professional, scientific, technical3.7%
US avg: 5.1%
Education & health services3.7%
US avg: 0.9%
Other services3.6%
US avg: 6.7%
Public administration2.2%
US avg: 4.8%
Transportation & warehousing1.3%
US avg: 2.2%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$122,700
+25%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $53,800 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$683
Unchangedinflation adjusted, since 2000
from $376 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
72.4%
−0.6 ptssince 2000
from 73.0% in 2000
27.6% rent
Vacancy rate
31.6%
+3.4 ptssince 2009
from 28.2% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Owner cost-burdened
23.9%
−5.3 ptssince 2009
from 29.2% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
25.4%
−4.7 ptssince 2009
from 30.1% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
2.6
+10%since 2009
from 2.4 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index: median home value divided by median household income. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
5
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
RELATED:See current rent listings in Union County on RentDataNow
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic62.7%(2,618)
Black0%(0)
Hispanic / Latino35.1%(1,465)
Asian0.3%(14)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic53.3%(2,140)
Black1.1%(43)
Hispanic / Latino40.1%(1,609)
Asian0%(0)
Other5.5%(221)
Diversity Score
69
+14%since 2009
from 60 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Mexican22.2%(892)
Spaniard3.1%(123)
Dominican0.2%(10)
Peruvian0.1%(4)
Ancestry
German15.4%(618)
English12.6%(505)
Irish10.9%(438)
American3.8%(151)
Italian3%(119)
Scottish2.1%(86)
French1.8%(74)
Norwegian1.3%(53)
Dutch1.3%(52)
Finnish0.4%(17)
Swedish0.4%(15)
+ 11 more ancestry groups with data
British0.3%(14)
Polish0.3%(14)
Russian0.3%(11)
West Indian0.2%(10)
Haitian0.2%(10)
Swiss0.2%(8)
Czech0.1%(5)
Slovak0.1%(4)
Welsh0.1%(3)
Danish0%(1)
RANKED:Largest Mexican population · Largest German population · Largest English population · Largest Irish population · Largest American population
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
18.4%
+5.4 ptssince 2000
from 13.0% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
89.0%
+9.1 ptssince 2000
from 79.9% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
5.3%
−0.5 ptssince 2000
from 5.7% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
16.7 min
+9%since 2000
from 15.4 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
81.6%
+12.7 ptssince 2009
from 68.9% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
5.4%
−15.5 ptssince 2009
from 20.8% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.0%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 1.0% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
6.2%
+3.3 ptssince 2009
from 2.9% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
5.5%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 5.1% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.0%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 1.0% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
4.7%
−0.9 ptssince 2009
from 5.6% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
6.2%
+1.7 ptssince 2011
from 4.5% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
44.1%
−14.1 ptssince 2011
from 58.2% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Self-employed
22.2%
+6.6 ptssince 2009
from 15.6% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
39.7%
−18.9 ptssince 2009
from 58.6% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
54.3%
+6.4 ptssince 2009
from 47.9% in 2009
Female
45.7%
−6.4 ptssince 2009
from 52.1% in 2009
Foreign born
3.8%
+1.7 ptssince 2009
from 2.1% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
6.2%
−40.0 ptssince 2009
from 46.2% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
26.9%
+7.4 ptssince 2012
from 19.5% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
10.4%
−69.0 ptssince 2013
from 79.4% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
84.1%
+29.0 ptssince 2017
from 55.1% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
English only at home
77.7%
+3.8 ptssince 2016
from 73.9% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
20.3%
−4.1 ptssince 2016
from 24.4% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married36%(649)
Married40.3%(727)
Widowed3.4%(61)
Divorced20.3%(365)
Women 15+
Never married20.8%(304)
Married39.8%(582)
Widowed16%(234)
Divorced23.5%(344)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Drill deeper

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Pop 3,347
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Pop 4,570
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Pop 3,704
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Head to head

Compare Union County to nearby counties

UNION COUNTY VS
Harding County
Income$48,553+4%
Home value$70,000−43%
Population617−84%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
UNION COUNTY VS
Dallam County
Income$71,500+53%
Home value$151,400+23%
Population7,508+95%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
UNION COUNTY VS
Cimarron County
Income$62,188+33%
Home value$98,600−20%
Population2,059−46%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
UNION COUNTY VS
Colfax County
Income$53,554+15%
Home value$167,200+36%
Population12,184+217%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Union County, New Mexico?

Union County, New Mexico has about 4,013 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Union County, New Mexico?

The typical household in Union County, New Mexico earns about $46,694 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Union County, New Mexico expensive?

In Union County, New Mexico, the median home is worth about $122,700, and the typical rent is about $683 a month.

How educated are people in Union County, New Mexico?

About 18.4% of adults age 25 and over in Union County, New Mexico hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Union County, New Mexico?

About 16.6% of people in Union County, New Mexico live below the federal poverty line.

Has Union County, New Mexico grown since 1990?

Yes, Union County, New Mexico has shrunk since 1990. The population has lost about 111 residents, a change of about -3 percent over that period.

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Explore from here

1 census tract
Census Tract 9502
7 ZIP codes
ZIP 88415ZIP 88418ZIP 88422ZIP 88424ZIP 88419ZIP 88410ZIP 88436
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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →