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CITY · 2010 ACS

Elba

Alabama · 3,940 residents · 15.338 sq mi
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The short version

Elba has notably lower household income than the US average, with a median household income of $28,975. Population has declined 6% since 2000. 13% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national rate of 28%. Median home value is $79,000. The poverty rate of 27.1% is well above the national figure. Households here earn about 31% less than the Alabama median.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $52,703
Older
median age 40.9
US median: 37.2
Less educated
13% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 28%
Stable housing
home values roughly flat, inflation adjusted
US median home: $225,659
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
3,940
−6%since 2000
from 4,185 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
257 / sq mi
−6%since 2000
from 273 / sq mi in 2000
US average: 261
Median age
40.9
+5%since 2000
from 38.8 in 2000
US average: 37.2
Population, 1990 – 2024
3K4K4K4K4K1990201020202024Elba
20243K
1990201020202024
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$28,975
−5%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $24,021 in 2000
US average: $52,703
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$14,878
−3%since 2000
from $15,382 in 2000
US average: $27,286
Households earning $100K+
9.8%
−1.4 ptssince 2009
from 11.2% in 2009
US average: 33.3%
Poverty rate
27.1%
−3.4 ptssince 2000
from 30.5% in 2000
US average: 13.8%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.473
US average: 0.461
Workforce by industry, 2010
Retail trade22.2%
US avg: 10.9%
Information9.8%
US avg: 11.5%
Other services9%
US avg: 7%
Public administration8.7%
US avg: 4.9%
Transportation & warehousing6.4%
US avg: 3.1%
Wholesale trade4.9%
US avg: 7.2%
Finance & insurance3.8%
US avg: 5.1%
Professional, scientific, technical3%
US avg: 4.2%
Education & health services0.8%
US avg: 0.9%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing0.8%
US avg: 1.9%
Manufacturing0.8%
US avg: 0.5%
Construction0%
US avg: 1.4%
Arts, entertainment, food0%
US avg: 2.4%
BARS: THIS PLACE · TICKS: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$79,000
+1%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $61,600 in 2000
US average: $225,659
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$488
+14%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $339 in 2000
US average: $853
Owner-occupied
29.3%
−36.4 ptssince 2000
from 65.7% in 2000
38.8% rent
Vacancy rate
8.0%
+0.3 ptssince 2009
from 7.7% in 2009
US average: 12.1%
Owner cost-burdened
32.6%
−2.6 ptssince 2009
from 35.2% in 2009
US average: 30.9%
Renter cost-burdened
41.3%
−1.3 ptssince 2009
from 42.5% in 2009
US average: 46.8%
Afford Score
2.7
+6%since 2000
from 2.6 in 2000
1990 – 2024
RELATED:See current rent listings in Elba on RentDataNow
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic63.5%(2,656)
Black34.1%(1,429)
Hispanic / Latino1%(43)
Asian0%(1)
Other0%
Diversity Score58.3%(2,440)
2010
White, non-Hispanic61.8%(2,435)
Black34.3%(1,350)
Hispanic / Latino1.1%(45)
Asian0.3%(12)
Other0.5%(19)
Diversity Score60%(2,363)
Diversity Score
60
+3%since 2000
from 58 in 2000
1990 – 2024
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
12.7%
−3.5 ptssince 2000
from 16.2% in 2000
US average: 27.9%
High school or higher
62.5%
+2.9 ptssince 2000
from 59.6% in 2000
US average: 84.9%
Graduate degree
4.2%
−3.1 ptssince 2000
from 7.2% in 2000
US average: 10.2%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
22.6 min
+42%since 2000
from 16.0 min in 2000
US average: 25.2
Drive alone to work
89.6%
+8.1 ptssince 2009
from 81.5% in 2009
US average: 76.2%
Carpooled to work
5.0%
−7.4 ptssince 2009
from 12.4% in 2009
US average: 10.4%
Public transit
0.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 4.7%
Worked from home
0.8%
−0.3 ptssince 2009
from 1.1% in 2009
US average: 4.1%
Walked to work
4.7%
+0.4 ptssince 2009
from 4.3% in 2009
US average: 2.8%
Biked to work
0.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 0.5%
No vehicle available
8.4%
−0.6 ptssince 2009
from 9.0% in 2009
US average: 8.7%
Section 07

Work & employment

Self-employed
20.3%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 20.3% in 2009
US average: 12.9%
Management & professional
27.0%
−35.8 ptssince 2009
from 62.8% in 2009
US average: 35.2%
Section 08

People & community

Male
50.9%
−1.0 ptssince 2009
from 52.0% in 2009
Female
49.1%
+1.0 ptssince 2009
from 48.0% in 2009
Foreign born
1.4%
+1.4 ptssince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 12.8%
Veterans
7.8%
−46.1 ptssince 2009
from 53.9% in 2009
US average: 9.9%
Drill deeper

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Frequently asked

How many people live in Elba, Alabama?

Elba, Alabama has about 3,940 residents according to the 2010 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Elba, Alabama?

The typical household in Elba, Alabama earns about $28,975 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Elba, Alabama expensive?

In Elba, Alabama, the median home is worth about $79,000, and the typical rent is about $488 a month.

How educated are people in Elba, Alabama?

About 12.7% of adults age 25 and over in Elba, Alabama hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Elba, Alabama?

About 27.1% of people in Elba, Alabama live below the federal poverty line.

Has Elba, Alabama grown since 1990?

Yes, Elba, Alabama has shrunk since 1990. The population has lost about 71 residents, a change of about -2 percent over that period.

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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

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