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COUNTY

Cumberland County

Virginia · 10,352 residents (2025 est.) · 297.474 sq mi
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The short version

Cumberland County has notably lower household income than the US average, with a median household income of $55,325. Population has held roughly steady since 2000. 21% of adults hold a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national rate of 36%. Median home value has roughly tripled since 2000, reaching $239,300. Households here earn about 41% less than the Virginia median.

At a glance
Lower income
below the US median
US median: $82,259
Older
median age 43.5
US median: 38.9
Less educated
21% hold a bachelor's degree
US average: 36%
Less affordable
home values up 71%, inflation adjusted
US median home: $376,019
Section 01

Population & growth

Total population
9,818
+9%since 2000
from 9,017 in 2000
1990 – 2025
Population density
33 / sq mi
+3%since 2009
from 32 / sq mi in 2009
US average: 281
Median age
43.5
+13%since 2000
from 38.4 in 2000
US average: 38.9

PEP 2025 EST:10,352 residents (Census Bureau Vintage 2025, released March 2026)

Population, 1990 – 2024
8K8K9K10K10K1990201020202024Cumberland County
202410K
1990201020202024
Age distribution, 2024
Under 54.6%(454)
US avg: 5.6%
5 to 93.5%(342)
US avg: 6%
10 to 147.5%(733)
US avg: 6.4%
15 to 196.1%(595)
US avg: 6.6%
20 to 244%(395)
US avg: 6.5%
25 to 3410.7%(1,053)
US avg: 13.7%
35 to 4415.1%(1,479)
US avg: 13.2%
45 to 549.3%(916)
US avg: 12.2%
55 to 6415.7%(1,539)
US avg: 12.7%
65 to 7412.8%(1,254)
US avg: 10.2%
75 to 847.2%(702)
US avg: 5.1%
85 and over3.6%(356)
US avg: 1.9%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 02

Income & economy

Median household income
$55,325
−5%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $31,816 in 2000
US average: $82,259
1990 – 2024
Per capita income
$37,339
+147%since 2000
from $15,103 in 2000
US average: $44,673
Households earning $100K+
35.5%
+18.1 ptssince 2009
from 17.4% in 2009
US average: 53.3%
Poverty rate
8.5%
−6.6 ptssince 2000
from 15.1% in 2000
US average: 12.5%
Income inequality (Gini)
0.484
+14%since 2010
from 0.426 in 2010
US average: 0.476
Workforce by industry, 2024
Information14.9%
US avg: 10.8%
Wholesale trade11.3%
US avg: 6.9%
Other services6.2%
US avg: 6.7%
Finance & insurance5.6%
US avg: 5.9%
Professional, scientific, technical5.1%
US avg: 5.1%
Retail trade4.5%
US avg: 9.9%
Public administration4.2%
US avg: 4.8%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing2.6%
US avg: 1.6%
Construction2.6%
US avg: 1.2%
Transportation & warehousing1.4%
US avg: 2.2%
Arts, entertainment, food1.3%
US avg: 1.9%
Education & health services0.5%
US avg: 0.9%
Manufacturing0%
US avg: 0.4%
BAR + DOT: THIS PLACE · TICK: US AVERAGE
Section 03

Housing

Median home value
$239,300
+71%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $76,600 in 2000
US average: $376,019
1990 – 2024
Median gross rent
$877
+6%inflation adjusted, since 2000
from $456 in 2000
US average: $1,442
Owner-occupied
75.9%
−1.2 ptssince 2000
from 77.2% in 2000
24.1% rent
Vacancy rate
15.3%
+3.4 ptssince 2009
from 11.9% in 2009
US average: 10.0%
Owner cost-burdened
24.4%
−8.7 ptssince 2009
from 33.2% in 2009
US average: 22.9%
Renter cost-burdened
25.9%
−12.8 ptssince 2009
from 38.7% in 2009
US average: 47.4%
Afford Score
4.3
+17%since 2009
from 3.7 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index: median home value divided by median household income. Lower is more affordable.
Gentrification Score
43
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means faster recent growth in incomes, home values, and college degrees.
RELATED:See current rent listings in Cumberland County on RentDataNow
Section 04

Race & ethnicity

2000
White, non-Hispanic59.7%(5,386)
Black37.1%(3,349)
Hispanic / Latino1.7%(150)
Asian0.3%(31)
Other0%
2024
White, non-Hispanic64.1%(6,290)
Black29.4%(2,887)
Hispanic / Latino2%(201)
Asian0%(0)
Other4.5%(440)
Diversity Score
63
−1%since 2009
from 64 in 2009
2009 – 2024
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means a more even mix of racial and ethnic groups.
Segregation Score
6
−12%since 2020
from 7 in 2020
Our index, 0 to 100. Higher means White and non-White residents are more separated across neighborhoods.
Section 04 · Origins

Detailed origins & ancestry

Hispanic origin
Peruvian1.1%(109)
Puerto Rican0.5%(49)
Mexican0.1%(12)
Pacific Islander origin
Marshallese0.1%(14)
Ancestry
English14.7%(1,444)
German10.3%(1,014)
Irish10.2%(1,000)
American6.4%(627)
French1.4%(140)
Scottish1.2%(120)
Polish1.2%(119)
Italian0.8%(83)
Scotch-Irish0.7%(67)
Dutch0.3%(34)
West Indian0.3%(34)
+ 8 more ancestry groups with data
Slovak0.3%(32)
Hungarian0.2%(16)
British0.1%(14)
Welsh0.1%(8)
Iranian0.1%(7)
Swedish0.1%(7)
RANKED:Largest English population · Largest German population · Largest Irish population · Largest American population · Largest French population
Section 05

Education

Bachelor's degree or higher
20.9%
+9.0 ptssince 2000
from 11.8% in 2000
US average: 35.6%
High school or higher
86.4%
+22.6 ptssince 2000
from 63.8% in 2000
US average: 89.6%
Graduate degree
7.9%
+4.8 ptssince 2000
from 3.1% in 2000
US average: 14.0%
Section 06

Commute & transportation

Average commute
38.3 min
+29%since 2000
from 29.7 min in 2000
US average: 26.5
Drive alone to work
81.8%
+6.8 ptssince 2009
from 75.0% in 2009
US average: 68.9%
Carpooled to work
5.8%
−11.6 ptssince 2009
from 17.4% in 2009
US average: 8.5%
Public transit
0.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 3.2%
Worked from home
8.7%
+3.3 ptssince 2009
from 5.4% in 2009
US average: 15.0%
Walked to work
2.5%
+2.5 ptssince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 2.4%
Biked to work
0.0%
Unchangedsince 2009
from 0.0% in 2009
US average: 0.4%
No vehicle available
7.4%
−3.4 ptssince 2009
from 10.8% in 2009
US average: 8.3%
Section 07

Work & employment

Unemployment rate
3.3%
−6.0 ptssince 2011
from 9.3% in 2011
US average: 5.2%
Labor force participation
59.7%
+0.4 ptssince 2011
from 59.3% in 2011
US average: 63.5%
Self-employed
20.9%
+6.7 ptssince 2009
from 14.1% in 2009
US average: 13.1%
Management & professional
30.0%
−26.8 ptssince 2009
from 56.9% in 2009
US average: 42.5%
Section 08

People & community

Male
50.5%
+4.1 ptssince 2009
from 46.4% in 2009
Female
49.5%
−4.1 ptssince 2009
from 53.6% in 2009
Foreign born
1.7%
−1.2 ptssince 2009
from 2.8% in 2009
US average: 14.1%
Veterans
9.4%
−37.9 ptssince 2009
from 47.2% in 2009
US average: 6.2%
With a disability
16.7%
+0.4 ptssince 2012
from 16.3% in 2012
US average: 13.3%
Uninsured
4.0%
−79.0 ptssince 2013
from 83.0% in 2013
US average: 8.4%
Broadband at home
79.9%
+25.7 ptssince 2017
from 54.2% in 2017
US average: 91.0%
English only at home
97.5%
−1.2 ptssince 2016
from 98.7% in 2016
US average: 77.7%
Spanish at home
1.8%
+1.3 ptssince 2016
from 0.5% in 2016
US average: 13.6%
Marital status
Men 15+
Never married33%(1,363)
Married51.8%(2,137)
Widowed4.9%(203)
Divorced10.2%(422)
Women 15+
Never married30.9%(1,285)
Married48.3%(2,012)
Widowed9.6%(398)
Divorced11.3%(469)
SHARE WITHIN EACH SEX · POPULATION 15 AND OVER · 2024
Drill deeper

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Head to head

Compare Cumberland County to nearby counties

CUMBERLAND COUNTY VS
Buckingham County
Income$60,828+10%
Home value$173,400−28%
Population17,137+66%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CUMBERLAND COUNTY VS
Powhatan County
Income$110,537+100%
Home value$416,000+74%
Population32,591+215%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CUMBERLAND COUNTY VS
Amelia County
Income$76,717+39%
Home value$282,400+18%
Population13,632+32%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
CUMBERLAND COUNTY VS
Fluvanna County
Income$96,768+75%
Home value$314,100+31%
Population28,975+180%
SEE FULL COMPARISON →
Frequently asked

How many people live in Cumberland County, Virginia?

Cumberland County, Virginia has about 9,818 residents according to the 2024 American Community Survey.

What is the median household income in Cumberland County, Virginia?

The typical household in Cumberland County, Virginia earns about $55,325 a year. Half of households make more than that, and half make less.

Is Cumberland County, Virginia expensive?

In Cumberland County, Virginia, the median home is worth about $239,300, and the typical rent is about $877 a month.

How educated are people in Cumberland County, Virginia?

About 20.9% of adults age 25 and over in Cumberland County, Virginia hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

What is the poverty rate in Cumberland County, Virginia?

About 8.5% of people in Cumberland County, Virginia live below the federal poverty line.

Has Cumberland County, Virginia grown since 1990?

Yes, Cumberland County, Virginia has grown since 1990. The population has added about 1,993 residents, a change of about 25 percent over that period.

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Explore from here

3 census tracts
Census Tract 9302Census Tract 9301.01Census Tract 9301.02
3 ZIP codes
ZIP 23901ZIP 23040ZIP 23027
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DATA: US CENSUS BUREAU ACS 5-YEAR + DECENNIAL CENSUS · UPDATED 2024

How we source and harmonize this data →